Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah An-Nisa -> The Punishment for Contradicting and Opposing the Messenger and Following a Path Other than That of the Believers |
Allah's statement, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظڈط´ظژط§ظ‚ظگظ‚ظگ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¯ظگ ظ…ظژط§ طھظژط¨ظژظٹظ‘ظژظ†ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈط¯ظژظ‰﴾ (And whoever contradicts and opposes the Messenger after the right path has been shown clearly to him.) refers to whoever intentionally takes a path other than the path of the Law revealed to the Messenger, after the truth has been made clear, apparent and plain to him. Allah's statement, ﴿ظˆظژظٹظژطھظ‘ظژط¨ظگط¹ظ’ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظژ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (and follows other than the believers' way,) refers to a type of conduct that is closely related to contradicting the Messenger . This contradiction could be in the form of contradicting a text (from the Qur'an or Sunnah) or contradicting what the Ummah of Muhammad has agreed on. The Ummah of Muhammad is immune from error when they all agree on something, a miracle that serves to increase their honor, due to the greatness of their Prophet. There are many authentic Hadiths on this subject. Allah warned against the evil of contradicting the Prophet and his Ummah, when He said, e ﴿ظ†ظڈظˆظژظ„ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظژط§ طھظژظˆظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظڈطµظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ط¬ظژظ‡ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظژ ظˆظژط³ظژط¢ط،ظژطھظ’ ظ…ظژطµظگظٹط±ط§ظ‹﴾ (We shall keep him in the path he has chosen, and burn him in Hell --- what an evil destination!) meaning, when one goes on this wicked path, We will punish him by making the evil path appear good in his heart, and will beautify it for him so that he is tempted further. For instance, Allah said, ﴿ظپظژط°ظژط±ظ’ظ†ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظڈظƒظژط°ظ‘ظگط¨ظڈ ط¨ظگظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژط¯ظگظٹط«ظگ ط³ظژظ†ظژط³ظ’طھظژط¯ظ’ط±ظگط¬ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ طظژظٹظ’ط«ظڈ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (Then leave Me Alone with such as belie this Qur'an. We shall punish them gradually from directions they perceive not), ﴿ظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط²ظژط§ط؛ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژط²ظژط§ط؛ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’﴾ (So when they turned away (from the path of Allah), Allah turned their hearts away), and, ﴿ظˆظژظ†ظژط°ظژط±ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط·ظڈط؛ظ’ظٹظژط§ظ†ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظژظ‡ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾ (And We shall leave them in their trespass to wander blindly). Allah made the Fire the destination of such people in the Hereafter. Indeed, the path of those who avoid the right guidance will only lead to the Fire on the Day of Resurrection, as evident by Allah's statements, ﴿ط§طظ’ط´ظڈط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط¸ظژظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط£ظژط²ظ’ظˆظژط¬ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’﴾ ((It will be said to the angels): "Assemble those who did wrong, together with their companions (from the devils)), and, ﴿ظˆظژط±ظژط£ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¬ظ’ط±ظگظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظژ ظپظژط¸ظژظ†ظ‘ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظڈظˆظژط§ظ‚ظگط¹ظڈظˆظ‡ظژط§ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط¬ظگط¯ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظژطµظ’ط±ظگظپظ‹ط§ ﴾ (And the criminals, shall see the Fire and apprehend that they have to fall therein. And they will find no way of escape from there). ﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظڈ ط£ظژظ† ظٹظڈط´ظ’ط±ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظٹظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط°ظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژط´ظژط¢ط،ظڈ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظڈط´ظ’ط±ظگظƒظ’ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط¶ظژظ„ظ‘ظژ ط¶ظژظ„ظژظ€ظ„ط§ظ‹ ط¨ظژط¹ظگظٹط¯ط§ظ‹ - ط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژط¯ظ’ط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظگظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظژظ€ط«ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژط¯ظ’ط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ط´ظژظٹظ’ط·ظژظ€ظ†ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظژط±ظگظٹط¯ط§ظ‹ - ظ„ظ‘ظژط¹ظژظ†ظژظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظ„ط§ظ‘طھظ‘ظژط®ظگط°ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظƒظژ ظ†ظژطµظگظٹط¨ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط±ظڈظˆط¶ط§ظ‹ - ظˆظژظ„ط£ط¶ظگظ„ظ‘ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط£ظڈظ…ظژظ†ظ‘ظگظٹظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظ‘ظ…ظڈط±ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظ„ظژظٹظڈط¨ظژطھظ‘ظگظƒظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط،ظژط§ط°ظژط§ظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ†ظ’ط¹ظژظ€ظ…ظگ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظ‘ظ…ظڈط±ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظ„ظژظٹظڈط؛ظژظٹظ‘ظگط±ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط®ظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژطھظ‘ظژط®ظگط°ظگ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظ’ط·ظژظ€ظ†ظژ ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط®ظژط³ظگط±ظژ ط®ظڈط³ظ’ط±ظژط§ظ†ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¨ظگظٹظ†ط§ظ‹ - ظٹظژط¹ظگط¯ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظٹظڈظ…ظژظ†ظ‘ظگظٹظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظٹظژط¹ظگط¯ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظ’ط·ظژظ€ظ†ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ط؛ظڈط±ظڈظˆط±ط§ظ‹ - ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ظ…ظژط£ظ’ظˆظژط§ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ‡ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظڈ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط¬ظگط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظژطظگظٹطµط§ظ‹ - ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگطظژظ€طھظگ ط³ظژظ†ظڈط¯ظ’ط®ظگظ„ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¬ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ€طھظچ طھظژط¬ظ’ط±ظگظ‰ ظ…ظگظ† طھظژطظ’طھظگظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ€ط±ظڈ ط®ظژظ€ظ„ظگط¯ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط¢ ط£ظژط¨ظژط¯ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژط¹ظ’ط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ طظژظ‚ظ‘ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژطµظ’ط¯ظژظ‚ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ‚ظگظٹظ„ط§ظ‹ ﴾ (116. Verily, Allah forgives not (the sin of) setting up partners (in worship) with Him, but He forgives whom He wills, sins other than that, and whoever sets up partners in worship with Allah, has indeed strayed far away.) (117. They invoke nothing but female deities besides Him (Allah), and they invoke nothing but Shaytan, a persistent rebel!) (118. Allah cursed him. And he ﴿Shaytan﴾ said: "I will take an appointed portion of your servants.") (119. "Verily, I will mislead them, and surely, I will arouse in them false desires; and certainly, I will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and indeed I will order them to change the nature created by Allah.'' And whoever takes Shaytan as a Wali instead of Allah, has surely suffered a manifest loss.) (120. He ﴿Shaytan﴾ makes promises to them, and arouses in them false desires; and Shaytan's promises are nothing but deceptions.) (121. The dwelling of such (people) is Hell, and they will find no way of escape from it.) (122. And those who believe and do righteous good deeds, We shall admit them to the Gardens under which rivers flow (i.e. in Paradise) to dwell therein forever. Allah's promise is the truth; and whose words can be truer than those of Allah)
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