Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Ash-Shu'ara -> Refutation of the Fabrications of the Idolators |
Here Allah addresses those idolators who claimed that what was brought by the Messenger was not the truth but was merely something that he had made up by himself, or that it came to him in visions from the Jinn. Allah stated that His Messenger was above their claims and fabrications, and that what he had brought did indeed come from Allah, and that it was a revelation and inspiration, brought down by a noble, trustworthy and mighty angel. It did not come from the Shayatin, because they have no desire for anything like this Noble Qur'an -- they descend upon those who are like them, the lying fortune-tellers. Allah says: ﴿ظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ط£ظڈظ†ظژط¨ظ‘ظگط¦ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’﴾ (Shall I inform you) meaning, shall I tell you, ﴿ظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ط£ظڈظ†ظژط¨ظ‘ظگط¦ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژظ† طھظژظ†ظژط²ظ‘ظژظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظژظ€ط·ظگظٹظ†ظڈ - طھظژظ†ظژط²ظ‘ظژظ„ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظگ ط£ظژظپظ‘ظژط§ظƒظچ ط£ظژط«ظگظٹظ…ظچ ﴾ (upon whom the Shayatin descend They descend on every lying, sinful person (Athim)) meaning, one whose speech is lies and fabrication. ﴿ط£ظژط«ظگظٹظ…ظچ﴾ (Athim) means, whose deeds are immoral. This is the person upon whom the Shayatin descend, fortune-tellers and other sinful liars. The Shayatin are also sinful liars. ﴿ظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظژ﴾ (Who gives ear, ) means, they try to overhear what is said in the heavens, and they try to hear something of the Unseen, then they add to it a hundred lies and tell it to their human comrades, who then tell it to others. Then the people believe everything they say because they were right about the one thing which was heard from the heavens. This was stated in an authentic Hadith recorded by Al-Bukhari from `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, who said, "The people asked the Prophet about fortune-tellers, and he said: آ«ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ„ظژظٹظ’ط³ظڈظˆط§ ط¨ظگط´ظژظٹظ’ط،آ» (They are nothing.) They said: "O Messenger of Allah, they say things that come true.'' The Prophet said: آ«طھظگظ„ظ’ظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ„ظگظ…ظژط©ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظگ ظٹظژط®ظ’ط·ظژظپظڈظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹظ‘ظڈ ظپظژظٹظڈظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظ‚ظگط±ظڈظ‡ظژط§ ظپظگظٹ ط£ظڈط°ظڈظ†ظگ ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ ظƒظژظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظ‚ظژط±ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظژط¬ظژط§ط¬ظگطŒ ظپظژظٹظژط®ظ’ظ„ظگط·ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظژط¹ظژظ‡ظژط§ ط£ظژظƒظ’ط«ظژط±ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ظ…ظگط§ط¦ظژط©ظگ ظƒظژط°ظ’ط¨ظژط©آ» (That is a word of truth which the Jinn snatches, then he gabbles it like the clucking of a chicken into the ear of his friend, but he mixes it with more than one hundred lies.) Al-Bukhari also recorded that Abu Hurayrah said, "The Prophet said: آ«ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط¶ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظژ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ط،ظگ ط¶ظژط±ظژط¨ظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژط§ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظڈ ط¨ظگط£ظژط¬ظ’ظ†ظگطظژطھظگظ‡ظژط§ ط®ظڈط¶ظ’ط¹ظژط§ظ†ظ‹ط§ ظ„ظگظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگطŒ ظƒظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژط§ ط³ظگظ„ظ’ط³ظگظ„ظژط©ظŒ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ طµظژظپظ’ظˆظژط§ظ†ظچطŒ ظپظژط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ظپظڈط²ظ‘ظگط¹ظژ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§: ظ…ظژط§ط°ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’طں ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§ (ظ„ظگظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ): ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظژطŒ ظˆظژظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط¨ظگظٹط±ظڈطŒ ظپظژظٹظژط³ظ’ظ…ظژط¹ظڈظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط³ظ’طھظژط±ظگظ‚ظڈظˆ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظگطŒ ظˆظژظ…ظڈط³ظ’طھظژط±ظگظ‚ظڈظˆ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظگ ظ‡ظژظƒظژط°ظژط§ ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¶ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظˆظ’ظ‚ظژ ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¶ظچ ظˆظژطµظژظپظژ ط³ظڈظپظ’ظٹظژط§ظ†ظڈ ط¨ظگظٹظژط¯ظگظ‡ظگطŒ ظپظژطظژط±ظ‘ظژظپظژظ‡ظژط§ ظˆظژط¨ظژط¯ظ‘ظژط¯ظژ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط£ظژطµظژط§ط¨ظگط¹ظگظ‡ظگ ظپظژظٹظژط³ظ’ظ…ظژط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ„ظگظ…ظژط©ظژ ظپظژظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژظ†ظ’ طھظژطظ’طھظژظ‡ظڈطŒ ط«ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¢ط®ظژط±ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژظ†ظ’ طھظژطظ’طھظژظ‡ظڈطŒ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ ظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظٹظژظ‡ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظ„ظگط³ظژط§ظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژط§طظگط±ظگ ط£ظژظˆظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط§ظ‡ظگظ†ظگطŒ ظپظژط±ظڈط¨ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ط£ظژط¯ظ’ط±ظژظƒظژظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظگظ‡ظژط§ط¨ظڈ ظ‚ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ظٹظڈظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگظٹظژظ‡ظژط§طŒ ظˆظژط±ظڈط¨ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ط£ظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژط§ظ‡ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ظٹظڈط¯ظ’ط±ظگظƒظژظ‡ظڈطŒ ظپظژظٹظژظƒظ’ط°ظگط¨ظڈ ظ…ظژط¹ظژظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظگط§ط¦ظژط©ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ’ط¨ظژط©ظچطŒظپظژظٹظڈظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈ: ط£ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ط³ظژ ظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظ„ظژظ†ظژط§ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ظƒظژط°ظژط§ ظˆظژظƒظژط°ظژط§: ظƒظژط°ظژط§ ظˆظژظƒظژط°ظژط§طں ظپظژظٹظڈطµظژط¯ظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈ ط¨ظگطھظگظ„ظ’ظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ„ظگظ…ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظٹ ط³ظڈظ…ظگط¹ظژطھظ’ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ط،آ» (When Allah decrees a matter in heaven, the angels beat their wings in submission to His decree, a chain beating on a rock. And when the fear in their hearts subsides, they say: "What is it that your Lord has said'' They say: "The truth. And He is the Most High, the Most Great.'' Then when the Jinn who are listening out, one above the other) -- and Sufyan illustrated this with a gesture, holding his hand vertically with his fingers outspread -- (when they hear this, they throw it down from one to another, until it is passed to the fortune-teller or soothsayer. The shooting star may strike the Jinn before he passes it on, or he may pass it on before he is struck, and he adds to it one hundred lies, thus it is said: "Did he not tell us that on such and such a day, such and such would happen'' So they believe him because of that one thing which was heard from the heavens.) This was recorded by Al-Bukhari. Al-Bukhari recorded from `A'ishah, may Allah be pleased with her, that the Prophet said: آ«ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژط§ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظژ طھظژطظژط¯ظ‘ظژط«ظڈ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ†ظژط§ظ†ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ†ظژط§ظ†ظڈ: ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظ…ظژط§ظ…ظڈ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظگ (ظٹظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظڈ) ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ’ط£ظژط±ظ’ط¶ظگطŒ ظپظژطھظژط³ظ’ظ…ظژط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظژط§ط·ظگظٹظ†ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ„ظگظ…ظژط©ظژطŒ ظپظژطھظژظ‚ظڈط±ظ‘ظڈظ‡ظژط§ ظپظگظٹ ط£ظڈط°ظڈظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط§ظ‡ظگظ†ظگ ظƒظژظ…ظژط§ طھظڈظ‚ظژط±ظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژط§ط±ظڈظˆط±ظژط©ظڈطŒ ظپظژظٹظژط²ظگظٹط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظژط¹ظژظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظگط§ط¦ظژط©ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ’ط¨ظژط©آ» (The angels speak in the clouds about some matter on earth, and the Shayatin overhear what they say, so they tell it to the fortune-teller, gurgling into his ear like (a liquid poured) from a glass bottle, and he adds to it one hundred lies.)
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