Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Ad-Duha -> The Reason for the Revelation of Surat Ad-Duha |
Imam Ahmad recorded from Jundub that he said, "The Prophet became ill, so he did not stand for prayer for a night or two. Then a woman came and said, `O Muhammad! I think that your devil has finally left you.' So Allah revealed, ﴿وَالضُّحَى - وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى - مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى ﴾ (By the forenoon. By the night when it darkens. Your Lord has neither forsaken you nor hates you.)'' Al-Bukhari, Muslim, At-Tirmidhi, An-Nasa'i, Ibn Abi Hatim and Ibn Jarir, all recorded this Hadith. This Jundub (who narrated it) is Ibn `Abdullah Al-Bajali Al-`Alaqi. In a narration from Al-Aswad bin Qays, he said that he heard Jundub say that Jibril was slow in coming to the Messenger of Allah . So the idolators said, "Muhammad's Lord has abandoned him.'' So Allah revealed, ﴿وَالضُّحَى - وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى - مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى ﴾ (By the forenoon. By the night when it darkens. Your Lord has neither forsaken you nor hates you.) ﴿وَالضُّحَى - وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى ﴾ (By the forenoon. By the night when it darkens.) Al-`Awfi reported from Ibn `Abbas, "When the Qur'an was revealed to the Messenger of Allah , Jibril was delayed from coming to him for a number of days (on one occasion). Therefore, the Messenger of Allah was affected by this. Then the idolators began to say, `His Lord has abandoned him and hates him.' So Allah revealed, ﴿مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ وَمَا قَلَى ﴾ (Your Lord has neither forsaken you nor hates you.)'' In this, Allah is swearing by the forenoon and the light that He has placed in it. ﴿وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا سَجَى ﴾ (By the night when it darkens (Saja).) meaning, it settles, darkens meaning, it settles, darkens and overcomes them. This was said by Mujahid, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, Ibn Zayd and others. This is a clear proof of the power of the Creator of this (light) and that (darkness). This is as Allah says, ﴿وَالَّيْلِ إِذَا يَغْشَى - وَالنَّهَارِ إِذَا تَجَلَّى ﴾ (By the night as it envelops. By the Day as it appears.) (92:1-2) Allah also says, ﴿فَالِقُ الإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ الَّيْلَ سَكَناً وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ حُسْبَاناً ذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ ﴾ ((He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the Almighty, the All-Knowing.) (6:96) Allah then says, ﴿مَا وَدَّعَكَ رَبُّكَ﴾ (Your Lord has neither forsaken you) meaning, `He has not abandoned you.' ﴿وَمَا قَلَى﴾ (nor hates (Qala) you.) meaning, `He does not hate you.'
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