Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-A'raf -> Allah chooses Musa and gives Him the Tablets |
Allah states that He spoke to Musa directly and informed him that He has chosen him above the people of his time, by His Message and by speaking to him. Here we should mention that there is no doubt that Muhammad is the chief of all the Children of Adam, the earlier and later ones among them. This is why Allah has chosen him to be the Final and Last Prophet and Messenger, whose Law shall remain dominant and valid until the commencement of the Last Hour. Muhammad's followers are more numerous than the followers of all Prophets and Messengers. After Muhammad , the next in rank of honor and virtue is Ibrahim upon him be peace,, then Musa, son of `Imran, who spoke to the Most Beneficent directly. Allah commanded Musa, saying, ﴿ظپظژط®ظڈط°ظ’ ظ…ظژط¢ ط،ط§طھظژظٹظ’طھظڈظƒظژ﴾ (So hold to that which I have given you), of My Speech and conversation with you, ﴿ظˆظژظƒظڈظ†ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظ€ظƒظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (and be of the grateful) , for it and do not ask for what is beyond your capacity to bear. Allah stated that He has written lessons and exhortation for all things and explanations for all things on the Tablets. It was said that in the Tablets, Allah wrote advice and the details of the commandments for lawful and prohibited matters. The Tablets contained the Tawrah, that Allah described; ﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط،ظژط§طھظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظڈظˆط³ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظگطھظژظ€ط¨ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط¯ظگ ظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظژظƒظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظچظˆظ„ظژظ‰ ط¨ظژطµظژط¢ط¦ظگط±ظژ ظ„ظگظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط³ظگ﴾ (And indeed We gave Musa -- after We had destroyed the generations of old -- the Scripture as an enlightenment for mankind)﴿28: 43﴾. It was also said that Allah gave Musa the Tablets before the Tawrah, and Allah knows best. Allah said next, ﴿ظپظژط®ظڈط°ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط¨ظگظ‚ظڈظˆظ‘ظژط©ظچ﴾ (Hold unto these with firmness), be firm on the obedience, ﴿ظˆظژط£ظ’ظ…ظڈط±ظ’ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژظƒظژ ظٹظژط£ظ’ط®ظڈط°ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگط£ظژطظ’ط³ظژظ†ظگظ‡ظژط§﴾ (and enjoin your people to take the better therein.) Sufyan bin `Uyaynah said, "Abu Sa`d narrated to us from `Ikrimah from Ibn `Abbas that "Musa, peace be upon him, was commanded to adhere to the toughest of what was ordained on his people.'' Allah's statement, ﴿ط³ظژط£ظڈظˆظ’ط±ظگظٹظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¯ظژط§ط±ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظپظژظ€ط³ظگظ‚ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (I shall show you the home of the rebellious), means, you will witness the recompense of those who defy My order and deviate from My obedience, the destruction, demise and utter loss they will suffer. ﴿ط³ظژط£ظژطµظ’ط±ظگظپظڈ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظٹظژطھظژظƒظژط¨ظ‘ظژط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ط£ظژط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ط¨ظگط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظگ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژط±ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظژ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژط©ظچ ظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظٹظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگظ‡ظژط§ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژط±ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظڈط´ظ’ط¯ظگ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژطھظ‘ظژط®ظگط°ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ظٹظژط±ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظ‰ظ‘ظگ ظٹظژطھظ‘ظژط®ظگط°ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ط§ظ‹ ط°ظ„ظگظƒظژ ط¨ظگط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگظ€ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط؛ظژظ€ظپظگظ„ظگظٹظ†ظژ - ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظگظ€ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژظ„ظگظ‚ظژط¢ط،ظگ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط®ظگط±ظژط©ظگ طظژط¨ظگط·ظژطھظ’ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظژظ€ظ„ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظٹظڈط¬ظ’ط²ظژظˆظ’ظ†ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (146. I shall turn away from My Ayat those who behave arrogantly on the earth, without a right, and (even) if they see all the Ayat, they will not believe in them. And if they see the way of righteousness, they will not adopt it as the way, but if they see the way of error, they will adopt that way, that is because they have rejected Our Ayat and were heedless of them.) (147. Those who deny Our Ayat and the meeting in the Hereafter, vain are their deeds. Are they requited with anything except what they used to do)
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