Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Qamar -> The Story of the People of Nuh and the Lesson from it |
Allah the Exalted said, ﴿ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظژطھظ’﴾ (denied) `before your people, O Muhammad,' ﴿ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظڈ ظ†ظڈظˆطظچ ظپظژظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¹ظژط¨ظ’ط¯ظژظ†ظژط§﴾ (the people of Nuh. They rejected Our servant) means, they denied him categorically and accused him of madness, ﴿ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظژط¬ظ’ظ†ظڈظˆظ†ظŒ ظˆظژط§ط²ظ’ط¯ظڈط¬ظگط±ظژ﴾ (and said: "A madman!'' Wazdujir.) Mujahid said about Wazdujir: "He was driven out accused on account of madness.'' It was also said that Wazdujir means, he was rebuked, deterred, threatened and warned by his people saying: ﴿ظ„ظژط¦ظگظ†ظ’ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ طھظژظ†ظ’طھظژظ‡ظگ ظٹظ†ظڈظˆطظڈ ظ„ظژطھظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط±ظ’ط¬ظڈظˆظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ ("If you do not stop O Nuh, you will be among those who will be stoned.'') ﴿26:116﴾ This was said by Ibn Zayd, and it is sound. ﴿ظپظژط¯ظژط¹ظژط§ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظڈظ‰ ظ…ظژط؛ظ’ظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظŒ ظپظژط§ظ†طھظژطµظگط±ظ’ ﴾ (Then he invoked his Lord (saying): "I have been overcome, so help (me)!'') meaning, `I am weak and cannot overcome or resist my people, so help Your religion!' Allah the Exalted said, ﴿ظپظژظپظژطھظژطظ’ظ†ظژط¢ ط£ظژط¨ظ’ظˆظژط¨ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط¢ط،ظگ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ط،ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ…ظگط±ظچ ﴾ (So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir.) As-Suddi said about Munhamir, "It means abundant.'' ﴿ظˆظژظپظژط¬ظ‘ظژط±ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظژ ط¹ظڈظٹظڈظˆظ†ط§ظ‹﴾ (And We caused springs to gush forth from the earth.) means, from every part of the earth, and even ovens in which fire was burning -- water and springs gushed forth, ﴿ظپظژط§ظ„ظ’طھظژظ‚ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ…ظژط¢ط،ظڈ﴾ (So, the waters met), means, of the heaven and the earth, ﴿ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظچ ظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظ‚ظڈط¯ظگط±ظژ﴾ (for a matter predestined.) Ibn Jurayj reported from Ibn `Abbas: ﴿ظپظژظپظژطھظژطظ’ظ†ظژط¢ ط£ظژط¨ظ’ظˆظژط¨ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط¢ط،ظگ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ط،ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ…ظگط±ظچ ﴾ (So, We opened the gates of the heaven with water Munhamir), Torrential rain, the only water that fell from the sky before that day and ever since was from clouds. But the sky's gates were opened on them that day, and therefore, the water that came down was not from clouds. So both the waters (of the earth and the heaven) met according to a matter ordained.'' Allah said, ﴿ظˆظژطظژظ…ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط°ظژط§طھظگ ط£ظژظ„ظ’ظˆظژطظچ ظˆظژط¯ظڈط³ظڈط±ظچ ﴾ (And We carried him on a (ship) made of planks and nails (Dusur)), Ibn `Abbas, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Al-Qurazi, Qatadah and Ibn Zayd said that Dusur means nails. Ibn Jarir preferred this view. Allah's statement, ﴿طھظژط¬ظ’ط±ظگظ‰ ط¨ظگط£ظژط¹ظ’ظٹظڈظ†ظگظ†ظژط§﴾ (Floating under Our Eyes), means, `by Our command and under Our protection and observation,' ﴿ط¬ظژط²ظژط¢ط،ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظگظ…ظژظ† ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ظƒظڈظپظگط±ظژ﴾ (a reward for him who had been rejected!) meaning, as recompense for them because of their disbelief in Allah and as reward for Nuh, peace be upon him. Allah the Exalted said, ﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ طھظ‘ظژط±ظژظƒظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظژط§ ط،ط§ظٹظژط©ظ‹﴾ (And indeed, We have left this as a sign.) Qatadah said, "Allah left the ship of Nuh intact until the first generation of this Ummah were able to see it.'' However, it appears that the meaning here is that Allah kept ships as a sign. For instance, Allah the Exalted said, ﴿ظˆظژط،ظژط§ظٹظژط©ظŒ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژط§ طظژظ…ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط°ظڈط±ظ‘ظگظٹظ‘ظژطھظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ظپظڈظ„ظ’ظƒظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط´ظ’طظڈظˆظ†ظگ - ظˆظژط®ظژظ„ظژظ‚ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظگط«ظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ظٹظژط±ظ’ظƒظژط¨ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (And a sign for them is that We bore their offspring in the laden ship. And We have created for them of the like thereunto, on which they ride.)(36:41-42), ﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژط§ ظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط·ظژط؛ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط¢ط،ظڈ طظژظ…ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژط§ط±ظگظٹظژط©ظگ - ظ„ظگظ†ظژط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‡ظژط§ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ طھظژط°ظ’ظƒظگط±ظژط©ظ‹ ظˆظژطھظژط¹ظگظٹظژظ‡ظژط¢ ط£ظڈط°ظڈظ†ظŒ ظˆظژط¹ظگظٹظژط©ظŒ ﴾ (Verily, when the water rose beyond its limits, We carried you in the boat. That We might make it an admonition for you and that it might be retained by the retaining ears.)(69:11-12) Allah's statement here, ﴿ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ﴾ (Then is there any that will remember) means, `is there any that will receive admonition and reminder. Imam Ahmad recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, "The Prophet recited to me, ﴿ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ﴾ (Then is there any that will remember)'' Al-Bukhari collected a similar Hadith from `Abdullah that he said, "I recited to the Prophet (ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط°ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ) (then is there any that will remember) and the Prophet said, ﴿ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ﴾ (Then is there any that will remember)'' Allah's statement, ﴿ظپظژظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظڈط°ظڈط±ظگ ﴾ (Then how (terrible) was My torment and My warnings) means, `how terrible was My torment that I inflicted on those who disbelieved in Me and denied My Messengers, who did not heed to My warnings How was My help that I extended to My Messengers and the revenge exerted on their behalf,' ﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظٹظژط³ظ‘ظژط±ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈط±ظ’ط،ظژط§ظ†ظژ ظ„ظگظ„ط°ظ‘ظگظƒظ’ط±ظگ﴾ (And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember); meaning, `We have made the Qur'an easy to recite and comprehend for those who seek these traits, to remind mankind,' as Allah said, ﴿ظƒظگطھظژظ€ط¨ظŒ ط£ظژظ†ط²ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظژ ظ…ظڈط¨ظژظ€ط±ظژظƒظŒ ظ„ظ‘ظگظٹظژط¯ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظژطھظژط°ظژظƒظ‘ظژط±ظژ ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظڈظˆ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ„ظ’ط¨ظژظ€ط¨ظگ ﴾ ((This is) a Book which We have sent down to you, full of blessings, that they may ponder over its Ayat, and that men of understanding may remember.)(38:29), ﴿ظپظژط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ظٹظژط³ظ‘ظژط±ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگظ„ظژط³ظژط§ظ†ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگطھظڈط¨ظژط´ظ‘ظگط±ظژ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈطھظ‘ظژظ‚ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظˆظژطھظڈظ†ظ’ط°ظگط±ظژ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ط§ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ط§ظ‹ ﴾ (So We have made this (the Qur'an) easy in your own tongue, only that you may give glad tidings to those who have Taqwa and warn with it the most quarrelsome people.)(19:97) Allah said, ﴿ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ﴾ (then is there any that will remember), meaning, `is there anyone who will remember through this Qur'an, which We made easy to memorize and easy to understand' Muhammad bin Ka`b Al-Qurazi commented on this Ayah, "Is there anyone who will avoid evil'' ﴿ظƒظژط°ظ‘ظژط¨ظژطھظ’ ط¹ظژط§ط¯ظŒ ظپظژظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظڈط°ظڈط±ظگ - ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژط¢ ط£ظژط±ظ’ط³ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط±ظگظٹطط§ظ‹ طµظژط±ظ’طµظژط±ط§ظ‹ ظپظگظ‰ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظ†ظژطظ’ط³ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط³ظ’طھظژظ…ظگط±ظ‘ظچ - طھظژظ†ط²ظگط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط³ظژ ظƒظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ط¬ظژط§ط²ظڈ ظ†ظژط®ظ’ظ„ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ‚ظژط¹ظگط±ظچ ظپظژظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظگظ‰ ظˆظژظ†ظڈط°ظڈط±ظگ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظٹظژط³ظ‘ظژط±ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظڈط±ظ’ط،ظژط§ظ†ظژ ظ„ظگظ„ط°ظ‘ظگظƒظ’ط±ظگ ظپظژظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¯ظ‘ظژظƒظگط±ظچ ﴾ (18. `Ad denied; then how was My torment and My warnings) (19. Verily, We sent against them a violently cold (Sarsar) wind on a day of calamity, continuous.) (20. Plucking out men as if they were uprooted stems of date palms.) (21. Then, how was My torment and My warnings) (22. And We have indeed made the Qur'an easy to understand and remember; then is there any that will remember)
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