Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-Ma'idah -> There is No Monasticism in Islam |
`Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, "This Ayah ﴿5:87﴾ was revealed about some of the Companions of the Prophet who said, `We should cut off our male organs, abandon the desires of this life and travel in the land, just as the Ruhban (monks) do.' When the Prophet heard of this statement, he summoned them and asked them if they made this statement and they answered `Yes.' The Prophet said, آ«ظ„ظƒظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط£ظژطµظڈظˆظ…ظڈ ظˆظژط£ظڈظپظ’ط·ظگط±ظڈطŒ ظˆظژط£ظڈطµظژظ„ظ‘ظگظٹطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظژط§ظ…ظڈطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ’ظƒظگطظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظگط³ظژط§ط،ظژطŒ ظپظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژط®ظژط°ظژ ط¨ظگط³ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژطھظگظٹ ظپظژظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹطŒ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط£ظ’ط®ظڈط°ظ’ ط¨ظگط³ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژطھظگظٹ ظپظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ط³ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹآ» (I fast and break my fast, pray and sleep, and marry women. Whoever follows my Sunnah is of me, and whoever abandons my Sunnah is not of me.)'' Ibn Abi Hatim also collected this Hadith. Ibn Marduwyah recorded that Al-`Awfi said that Ibn `Abbas narrated a similar Hadith. It is recorded in the Two Sahihs that `A'ishah said that some of the Companions asked the wives of the Prophet about the acts of worship that he performed in private. One of them said, "I will not eat meat,'' another said, "I will not marry women,'' while the third said, "I will not sleep on the bed.'' When the Prophet heard this statement, he said, آ«ظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط§ظ„ظڈ ط£ظژظ‚ظ’ظˆظژط§ظ…ظچ ظٹظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈ ط£ظژطظژط¯ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظƒظژط°ظژط§ ظˆظژظƒظژط°ظژط§طŒ ظ„ظƒظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط£ظژطµظڈظˆظ…ظڈ ظˆظژط£ظڈظپظ’ط·ظگط±ظڈطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظژط§ظ…ظڈ ظˆظژط£ظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ…ظڈطŒ ظˆظژط¢ظƒظڈظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژطظ’ظ…ظژطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژطھظژط²ظژظˆظ‘ظژط¬ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظگط³ظژط§ط،ظژطŒ ظپظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ط±ظژط؛ظگط¨ظژ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ ط³ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژطھظگظٹ ظپظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ط³ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹآ» (What is the matter with some people who said such and such I fast and break the fast, sleep and wake to stand to pray, eat meat, and marry women. He who is not pleased with my Sunnah is not of me.) Allah's statement, ﴿ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظژط¹ظ’طھظژط¯ظڈظˆط§ظ’﴾ (and transgress not.) means, do not exaggerate and make it hard for yourselves by prohibiting the permissible things. Do not transgress the limits by excessively indulging in the permissible matters; only use of it what satisfies your need; and do not fall into extravagance. Allah said in other Ayat, ﴿ظˆظƒظڈظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط§ط´ظ’ط±ظژط¨ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظڈط³ظ’ط±ظگظپظڈظˆط§ظ’﴾ (And eat and drink but waste not by extravagance.)﴿7:31﴾, and, ﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط¥ظگط°ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ†ظپظژظ‚ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظڈط³ظ’ط±ظگظپظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژظ‚ظ’طھظڈط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ‚ظژظˆظژط§ظ…ط§ظ‹ ﴾ (And those, who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor miserly, but hold a medium (way) between those (extremes).)﴿25:67﴾ So Allah legislated a medium way between those who are extreme and those who fall into shortcomings, and it does not allow excessive application, nor lack of application. This is why Allah said here, ﴿ظ„ط§ظژ طھظڈطظژط±ظ‘ظگظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط·ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¨ظژظ€طھظگ ظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژطظژظ„ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظژط¹ظ’طھظژط¯ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظڈطظگط¨ظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¹ظ’طھظژط¯ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (Make not unlawful the good things which Allah has made lawful to you, and transgress not. Verily, Allah does not like the transgressors.) then He said, ﴿ظˆظژظƒظڈظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظگظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط±ظژط²ظژظ‚ظژظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ طظژظ„ظژظ€ظ„ط§ظ‹ ط·ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¨ط§ظ‹﴾ (And eat of the things which Allah has provided for you, lawful and good,)﴿5:88﴾, eat of those items that are pure and lawful for you, ﴿ظˆظژط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ﴾ (and have Taqwa of Allah,) in all your affairs, obey Him and seek His pleasure, all the while staying away from defiance and disobedience of Allah, ﴿ظˆظژط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ط£ظژظ†طھظڈظ… ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾ (and have Taqwa of Allah in Whom you believe.) ﴿ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظڈط¤ظژط§ط®ظگط°ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژط؛ظ’ظˆظگ ظپظگظ‰ ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ…ظژظ€ظ†ظگظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ€ظƒظگظ† ظٹظڈط¤ظژط§ط®ظگط°ظڈظƒظڈظ… ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ‚ظ‘ظژط¯طھظ‘ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظٹظ’ظ…ظژظ€ظ†ظژ ظپظژظƒظژظپظ‘ظژط§ط±ظژطھظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¥ظگط·ظ’ط¹ظژط§ظ…ظڈ ط¹ظژط´ظژط±ظژط©ظگ ظ…ظژط³ظژظ€ظƒظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظˆظ’ط³ظژط·ظگ ظ…ظژط§ طھظڈط·ظ’ط¹ظگظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظگظٹظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظژظˆظ’ ظƒظگط³ظ’ظˆظژطھظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظژظˆظ’ طھظژطظ’ط±ظگظٹط±ظڈ ط±ظژظ‚ظژط¨ظژط©ظچ ظپظژظ…ظژظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط¬ظگط¯ظ’ ظپظژطµظگظٹظژط§ظ…ظڈ ط«ظژظ„ظژظ€ط«ظژط©ظگ ط£ظژظٹظ‘ظژط§ظ…ظچ ط°ظ„ظگظƒظژ ظƒظژظپظ‘ظژط§ط±ظژط©ظڈ ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ…ظژظ€ظ†ظگظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ طظژظ„ظژظپظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط§طظ’ظپظژط¸ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ…ظژظ€ظ†ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظƒظژط°ظ„ظگظƒظژ ظٹظڈط¨ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ†ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ‡ظگ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ طھظژط´ظ’ظƒظڈط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (89. Allah will not punish you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will punish you for your deliberate oaths; for its expiation feed ten poor, on a scale of the Awsat of that with which you feed your own families; or clothe them; or free a slave. But whosoever cannot afford, then he should fast for three days. That is the expiation for the oaths when you have sworn. And protect your oaths. Thus Allah makes clear to you His Ayat that you may be grateful.)
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