Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-Hujuraat -> The Prophet's Decision is Better |
Allah said,
﴿ظˆظژط§ط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظپظگظٹظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط±ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ﴾
(7. And know that among you there is the Messenger of Allah.) `know that among you is the Messenger of Allah . Therefore, honor and respect him, be polite with him and obey his orders. For he is more knowledgeable about what benefits you and is more concerned with you than you yourselves are. His opinions in such matters are more complete than your own.' Allah the Exalted and Most Blessed said in another Ayah,
﴿ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط¨ظگظ‰ظ‘ظڈ ط£ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ‰ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ظپظڈط³ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’﴾
(The Prophet is closer to the believers than themselves) (33:6). Then He clarifies that they fall short in overseeing their own benefit;
﴿ظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظٹظڈط·ظگظٹط¹ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ظƒظژط«ظگظٹط±ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ…ظ’ط±ظگ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ†ظگطھظ‘ظڈظ…ظ’﴾
(If he were to obey you in much of the matter, you would surely be in trouble.) `if he obeys all of your opinions and desires, you will earn trouble and hardship.' Allah the Exalted and Most Honored said,
﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظˆظگ ط§طھظ‘ظژط¨ظژط¹ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظڈ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظˆظژط¢ط،ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ„ظژظپظژط³ظژط¯ظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژظ€ظˆظژطھظڈ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظڈ ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظپظگظٹظ‡ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¨ظژظ„ظ’ ط£ظژطھظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¨ظگط°ظگظƒظ’ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظپظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظ† ط°ظگظƒظ’ط±ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¹ظ’ط±ظگط¶ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾
(And if the truth had been in accordance with their desires, verily, the heavens and the earth, and whosoever is therein would have been corrupted! Nay, We have brought them their reminder, but they turn away from their reminder.) (23:71) Allah's statement,
﴿ظˆظژظ„ظژظ€ظƒظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ طظژط¨ظ‘ظژط¨ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظٹظ…ظژظ€ظ†ظژ ظˆظژط²ظژظٹظ‘ظژظ†ظژظ‡ظڈ ظپظگظ‰ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظگظƒظڈظ…ظ’﴾
(But Allah has endeared the faith to you and has beautified it in your hearts,) `made faith dear to your souls and beautified it in your hearts.' Allah said,
﴿ظˆظژظƒظژط±ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظڈظپظ’ط±ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ظپظڈط³ظڈظˆظ‚ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظگطµظ’ظٹظژط§ظ†ظژ﴾
(and has made disbelief, Fusuq and `Isyan hateful to you.) `He has made disbelief, sins, whether major or minor, and `Isyan -- all types of sins, hateful to you.' This statement transfers us from one level to a better level, to perfect Allah's bounty. Allah's statement next,
﴿ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط±ظژط´ظگط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾
(Such are they who are the rightly guided.) those who have these qualities are the rightly guided ones whom Allah has granted guidance and correctness. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Rifa`ah Az-Zuraqi said that his father said, "During the battle of Uhud, when the idolators retreated, the Messenger of Allah said,
آ«ط§ط³ظ’طھظژظˆظڈظˆط§ طظژطھظ’ظ‰ ط£ظڈط«ظ’ظ†ظگظٹظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظٹ ط¹ظژط²ظ‘ظژ ظˆظژط¬ظژظ„آ»
(Stay in straight lines so that I praise my Lord, the Exalted and Most Honored.) They stood behind him in lines and he said,
آ«ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ„ظژظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ…ظ’ط¯ظڈ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظڈظ‡ظڈطŒ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ„ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط§ط¨ظگط¶ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط³ظژط·ظ’طھظژ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ط¨ظژط§ط³ظگط·ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط¨ظژط¶ظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ‡ظژط§ط¯ظگظٹظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژط¶ظ’ظ„ظژظ„ظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط¶ظگظ„ظ‘ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظ‡ظژط¯ظژظٹظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط¹ظ’ط·ظگظٹظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ظ…ظژظ†ظژط¹ظ’طھظژ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظژط§ظ†ظگط¹ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ط·ظژظٹظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظڈظ‚ظژط±ظ‘ظگط¨ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط§ط¹ظژط¯ظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط¨ظژط§ط¹ظگط¯ظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژط§ ظ‚ظژط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ’طھظژ. ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط§ط¨ظ’ط³ظڈط·ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¨ظژط±ظژظƒظژط§طھظگظƒظژ ظˆظژط±ظژطظ’ظ…ظژطھظگظƒظژ ظˆظژظپظژط¶ظ’ظ„ظگظƒظژ ظˆظژط±ظگط²ظ’ظ‚ظگظƒظژطŒ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط£ظژط³ظ’ط£ظژظ„ظڈظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط¹ظگظٹظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ‚ظگظٹظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹ ظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژطظڈظˆظ„ظڈ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظٹظژط²ظڈظˆظ„ظڈ. ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط£ظژط³ظ’ط£ظژظ„ظڈظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط¹ظگظٹظ…ظژ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظٹظ’ظ„ظژط©ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط£ظژظ…ظ’ظ†ظژ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظژظˆظ’ظپظگ. ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظٹ ط¹ظژط§ط¦ظگط°ظŒ ط¨ظگظƒظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط´ظژط±ظ‘ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ط·ظژظٹظ’طھظژظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط´ظژط±ظ‘ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ظ…ظژظ†ظژط¹ظ’طھظژظ†ظژط§. ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ طظژط¨ظ‘ظگط¨ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¥ظٹظ…ظژط§ظ†ظژ ظˆظژط²ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈ ظپظگظٹ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظڈظˆط¨ظگظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژظƒظژط±ظ‘ظگظ‡ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظڈظپظ’ط±ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ظپظڈط³ظڈظˆظ‚ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظگطµظ’ظٹظژط§ظ†ظژ ظˆظژط§ط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژط§ط´ظگط¯ظگظٹظ†ظژ. ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ طھظژظˆظژظپظ‘ظژظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط³ظ’ظ„ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظˆظژط£ظژطظ’ظٹظگظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط³ظ’ظ„ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظˆظژط£ظژظ„ظ’طظگظ‚ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط¨ظگط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژط§ظ„ظگطظگظٹظ†ظژ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظژ ط®ظژط²ظژط§ظٹظژط§ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظژظپظ’طھظڈظˆظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژطŒ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ‚ظژط§طھظگظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظپظژط±ظژط©ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظٹظڈظƒظژط°ظ‘ظگط¨ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط±ظڈط³ظڈظ„ظژظƒظژ ظˆظژظٹظژطµظڈط¯ظ‘ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگظƒظژ ظˆظژط§ط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط±ظگط¬ظ’ط²ظژظƒظژ ظˆظژط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظژظƒظژطŒ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ‚ظژط§طھظگظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظپظژط±ظژط©ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظڈظˆطھظڈظˆط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظگطھظژط§ط¨ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظ‡ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚آ»
(O Allah! Your is the praise. O Allah! There is none who can withhold what You send, or send what You withhold, or guide whom You send astray, or misguide whomever You guide, or give what You deprive, or deprive whom You give, or draw closer whom You cast or cast whom You draw closer. O Allah! Bestow on us from Your blessings, mercy, grace and provisions. O Allah! I ask You for the eternal delight that never ends or fades away. O Allah! I ask You for provisions on the Day of deprivation and safety on the Day of fear. O Allah! I seek refuge with You from the evil repercussions of what You have given us and from the evil of what You have deprived us of. O Allah! Make faith dear to us and beatify it in our hearts and make disbelief, Fusuq and `Isyan hateful to us, and make us among the rightly guided. O Allah! Allow us to die as Muslims, live as Muslims and join us with the ranks of the righteous ones, without tasting humiliation or turmoil. O Allah! Fight the disbelievers who deny Your Messengers and hinder others from Your path; send on them Your torment and punishment. O Allah! Fight the disbelievers who were given the Scriptures, the True God.)'' An-Nasa'i collected this Hadith in `Amal Al-Yawm wal-Laylah. Allah said,
﴿ظپظژط¶ظ’ظ„ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظ†ظگط¹ظ’ظ…ظژط©ظ‹﴾
(8. (This is) a grace from Allah and His favor.) meaning, this favor that He has bestowed on you is a favor and a bounty from Him to you,
﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظŒ طظژظƒظگظٹظ…ظŒ﴾
(And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.) All-Knower in those who deserve guidance and those who deserve misguidance, All-Wise in His statements, actions, legislation and the destiny He appoints.
﴿ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† ط·ظژط¢ط¦ظگظپظژطھظژط§ظ†ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط§ظ‚ظ’طھظژطھظژظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ظ„ظگطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظژط§ ظپظژط¥ظگظ† ط¨ظژط؛ظژطھظ’ ط¥ظگطظ’ط¯ظژط§ظ‡ظڈظ…ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ط£ظڈط®ظ’ط±ظژظ‰ ظپظژظ‚ظژظ€طھظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ طھظژط¨ظ’ط؛ظگظ‰ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ طھظژظپظگظ‰ط،ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژط¥ظگظ† ظپظژط¢ط،ظژطھظ’ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ظ„ظگطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط¯ظ’ظ„ظگ ظˆظژط£ظژظ‚ظ’ط³ظگط·ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظٹظڈطظگط¨ظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ‚ظ’ط³ظگط·ظگظٹظ†ظژ - ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¥ظگط®ظ’ظˆظژط©ظŒ ظپظژط£ظژطµظ’ظ„ظگطظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط£ظژط®ظژظˆظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ طھظڈط±ظ’طظژظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾
(9. And if two parties among the believers fall to fighting, then make peace between them both. But if one of them outrages against the other, then fight you (all) against the one that which outrages till it complies with the command of Allah. Then if it complies, then make reconciliation between them justly, and be equitable. Verily, Allah loves those who are the equitable.) (10. The believers are but a brotherhood. So make reconciliation between your brothers, and have Taqwa of Allah that you may receive mercy.) |