Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Muhammad -> Admonition and Fire for the Disbelievers; Paradise for Those Who have Taqwa

Allah says,

﴿ط£ظژظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط³ظگظٹط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’﴾

(Have they not traveled) meaning, those who associate partners with Allah and deny His Messenger .

﴿ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ظپظژظٹظژظ†ط¸ظڈط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژظ€ظ‚ظگط¨ظژط©ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ…ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ط¯ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط±ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظ’﴾

(through the land and seen what happened in the end to those before them Allah destroyed them completely,) which means that Allah punished them because of their denial and disbelief, and saved the believers from among them. That is why He says,

﴿ظˆظژظ„ظگظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ€ظپظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط«ظژظ€ظ„ظڈظ‡ظژط§﴾

(and a similar (end awaits) the disbelievers.) Then Allah says,

﴿ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ط¨ظگط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ…ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژظ€ظپظگط±ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظ…ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ‰ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ﴾

(That is because Allah is the Protector of all those who believe, whereas the disbelievers have no protector.) After the battle of Uhud, Abu Sufyan Sakhr bin Harb, the commander of the idolators at that time, inquired about the Prophet , Abu Bakr, and `Umar, may Allah be pleased with them. When he heard no response, he announced: "Verily, those three have died!'' `Umar then responded to him: "You lie, O enemy of Allah! Allah has indeed saved those who will displease you. Indeed, those whom you mentioned are all alive!'' Abu Sufyan then said: "Well, today makes up for (the defeat on) the day of Badr, and the war has its ups and downs. And indeed, you are going to find mutilation (in the bodies of your dead) that I did not command, nor did I prohibit.'' Then he turned around chanting: "Glory to Hubal (their greatest idol), Glory to Hubal.'' Allah's Messenger said:

آ«ط£ظژظ„ظژط§ طھظڈط¬ظگظٹط¨ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈطںآ»

(Aren't you going to respond to him) The Companions said: "What should we say, O Messenger of Allah'' He said:

آ« ظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆط§: ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ط£ظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ‰ ظˆظژط£ظژط¬ظژظ„آ»

(Say: "Allah is Most High and Most Glorious.'') Then Abu Sufyan said: "We have Al-`Uzza (their second idol), and you have no `Uzza. (honor).'' Allah's Messenger said:

آ«ط£ظژظ„ظژط§ طھظڈط¬ظگظٹط¨ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈطںآ»

(Aren't you all going to respond to him) They said: "What should we say, O Messenger of Allah'' He said:

آ«ظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆط§: ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژط§ظ†ظژط§ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ ظ…ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ‰ ظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…آ»

(Say: "Allah is our Protector, and you have no protector.'') Allah then says,

﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظٹظڈط¯ظ’ط®ظگظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگط­ظژظ€طھظگ ط¬ظژظ†ظژظ€طھظچ طھظژط¬ظ’ط±ظگظ‰ ظ…ظگظ† طھظژط­ظ’طھظگظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ€ط±ظڈ﴾

(Verily, Allah will admit those who believe and do righteous good deeds into Gardens through which rivers flow.) meaning, on the Day of Resurrection.

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظژطھظژظ…ظژطھظ‘ظژط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظˆظژظٹظژط£ظ’ظƒظڈظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظƒظژظ…ظژط§ طھظژط£ظ’ظƒظڈظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒظ†ظ’ط¹ظژظ€ظ…ظڈ﴾

(Whereas those who disbelieve enjoy their life and eat as cattle eat. ) Which means that the disbelievers enjoy their worldly life and eat in it like animals, munching and gnawing (with greed). They have no concern other than that. Thus, it has been confirmed in the Sahih that the Messenger of Allah said,

آ«ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈ ظٹظژط£ظ’ظƒظڈظ„ظڈ ظپظگظٹ ظ…ظگط¹ظ‰ظ‹ ظˆظژط§ط­ظگط¯ظچطŒ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ’ظƒظژط§ظپظگط±ظڈ ظٹظژط£ظ’ظƒظڈظ„ظڈ ظپظگظٹ ط³ظژط¨ظ’ط¹ظژط©ظگ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظژط§ط،آ»

(A believer eats with one intestine, and a disbeliever eats with seven intestines.) Then Allah says,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظڈ ظ…ظژط«ظ’ظˆظ‹ظ‰ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’﴾

(but the Fire will be their abode.) meaning, on the Day of their Reckoning. Allah then says,

﴿ظˆظژظƒظژط£ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژط©ظچ ظ‡ظگظ‰ظژ ط£ظژط´ظژط¯ظ‘ظڈ ظ‚ظڈظˆظ‘ظژط©ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژطھظگظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظژطھظ’ظƒظژ﴾

(And how many a town mightier than your town that has driven you out) meaning, Makkah.

﴿ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظژظƒظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظ„ط§ظژ ظ†ظژظ€طµظگط±ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’﴾

(We have destroyed, with none to help them!) gThis is a great threat and severe warning to the people of Makkah because they rejected Allah's Messenger , who was the chief of the Messengers and the last of the Prophets. If Allah had destroyed the previous nations because of their denial of their Messengers, what then would those (people of Makkah) expect that Allah would do to them in the worldly life and the Hereafter And if the torment were to be lifted off some of them in this life by the blessing of the presence of the Messenger, the Prophet of Mercy, the torment will be stored for them in their next life, as Allah says,

﴿ظٹظڈط¶ظژط§ط¹ظژظپظڈ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظژط³ظ’طھظژط·ظگظٹط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظژ ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظڈط¨ظ’طµظگط±ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾

(Their torment will be doubled! They could not bear to hear (the preaching), and they used not to see (the truth).) (11:20) Concerning Allah's saying,

﴿ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژطھظگظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظژطھظ’ظƒظژ﴾

(than Your town that has driven you out) This means, `its people who have driven you (Muhammad ) out from amongst them (the people of Makkah).' Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, that when Allah's Messenger left Makkah (at the time of Hijrah -- migration), and he reached the cave and hid inside it, he looked back toward Makkah and said,

آ«ط£ظژظ†ظ’طھظگ ط£ظژط­ظژط¨ظ‘ظڈ ط¨ظگظ„ظژط§ط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظگطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ’طھظگ ط£ظژط­ظژط¨ظ‘ظڈ ط¨ظگظ„ظژط§ط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ‘ظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظژط§ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط´ظ’ط±ظگظƒظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظڈظˆظ†ظگظٹ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظڈط¬ظ’ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ظƒآ»

(You are the most beloved to Allah among Allah's lands, and you are also the most beloved to me among Allah's lands. Were it not that the idolators have driven me out from you, I would never have left you.) Ibn `Abbas then said, "The worst of enemies is he who transgresses against Allah in His own sacred place, who kills a person who is not trying to kill him, or who kills because of Jahiliyyah vengeance. Allah then revealed to His Prophet ,

﴿ظˆظژظƒظژط£ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژط©ظچ ظ‡ظگظ‰ظژ ط£ظژط´ظژط¯ظ‘ظڈ ظ‚ظڈظˆظ‘ظژط©ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژطھظگظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظژطھظ’ظƒظژ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظژظƒظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژظ„ط§ظژ ظ†ظژظ€طµظگط±ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ﴾

(And how many a town mightier than your town that has driven you out have We destroyed, with none to help them!)''

﴿ط£ظژظپظژظ…ظژظ† ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط¨ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ†ظژط©ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ ظƒظژظ…ظژظ† ط²ظڈظٹظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈ ط³ظڈظˆط،ظڈ ط¹ظژظ…ظژظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژط§طھظ‘ظژط¨ظژط¹ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظˆظژط§ط،ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ - ظ…ظ‘ظژط«ظژظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژظ†ظ‘ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ ظˆظڈط¹ظگط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈطھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ط±ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظژط¢ط،ظچ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظگ ط،ظژط§ط³ظگظ†ظچ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژط§ط±ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژط¨ظژظ†ظچ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژطھظژط؛ظژظٹظ‘ظژط±ظ’ ط·ظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظڈظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ€ط±ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ ط®ظژظ…ظ’ط±ظچ ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظ‘ظژط©ظچ ظ„ظ‘ظگظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظ€ط±ظگط¨ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظژظ€ط±ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظژط³ظژظ„ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈطµظژظپظ‘ظ‹ظ‰ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ† ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظگ ط§ظ„ط«ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط±ظژطھظگ ظˆظژظ…ظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظژط©ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظƒظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط®ظژظ€ظ„ظگط¯ظŒ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ظˆظژط³ظڈظ‚ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظژط¢ط،ظ‹ ط­ظژظ…ظگظٹظ…ط§ظ‹ ظپظژظ‚ظژط·ظ‘ظژط¹ظژ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ط¹ظژط¢ط،ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ﴾

(14. Can then he, who stands on clear evidence from his Lord, be like those for whom their evil deeds are beautified for them, while they follow their own lusts) (15. The description of Paradise which is promised to those who have Taqwa, (is that) in it are rivers of water that are not Asin, rivers of milk the taste of which never changes, rivers of wine delicious to those who drink it, and rivers of refined honey; and therein for them are all kinds of fruits, and forgiveness from their Lord. Can this be likened to those who abide eternally in the Fire and are given to drink boiling water that severs their intestines)