Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah An-Nisa -> Will the Repentance of those who Commit Intentional Murder, be Accepted |
Ibn `Abbas held the view that the repentance of one who intentionally murders a believer, will not be accepted. Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn Jubayr said, "The people of knowledge of Al-Kufah differed on this subject, I traveled to Ibn `Abbas to ask him about it. He said, `This Ayah, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژظ‚ظ’طھظڈظ„ظ’ ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظڈطھظژط¹ظژظ…ظ‘ظگط¯ط§ظ‹ ظپظژط¬ظژط²ظژط¢ط¤ظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¬ظژظ‡ظژظ†ظ‘ظژظ…ظڈ﴾ (And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell) was the last revealed ﴿on this subject﴾ and nothing abrogated it.''' Muslim and An-Nasa'i also recorded it. However, the majority of scholars of the earlier and later generations said that the killer's repentance can be accepted. If he repents, and goes back to Allah humbly, submissively, and performing righteous deeds, then Allah will change his evil deeds into good deeds and compensate the deceased for his loss by rewarding him for his suffering. Allah said, R ﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط¯ظ’ط¹ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ…ظژط¹ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ€ظ‡ظژط§ ط،ظژط§ط®ظژط±ظژ﴾ (And those who invoke not any other god along with Allah), until, ﴿ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظژظ† طھظژط§ط¨ظژ ظˆظژط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظژ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظژ ط¹ظژظ…ظژظ„ط§ظ‹ طµظژظ€ظ„ظگطط§ظ‹﴾ (Except those who repent and believe, and do righteous deeds). The Ayah we just mentioned should not be considered abrogated or only applicable to the disbelievers ﴿who become Muslim﴾, for this contradicts the general, encompassing indications of the Ayah and requires evidence to support it. Allah knows best. Allah said, ﴿ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ظٹط¹ظگط¨ظژط§ط¯ظگظ‰ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظژط³ظ’ط±ظژظپظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط£ظژظ†ظپظڈط³ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظ„ط§ظژ طھظژظ‚ظ’ظ†ظژط·ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ…ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژطظ’ظ…ظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ﴾ (Say: "O My servants who have transgressed against themselves! Despair not of the mercy of Allah). This Ayah is general, covering all types of sins, including Kufr, Shirk, doubt, hypocrisy, murder, sin, and so forth. Therefore, everyone who repents sincerely from any of these errors, then Allah will forgive him. Allah said, ﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظڈ ط£ظژظ† ظٹظڈط´ظ’ط±ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظٹظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژط´ظژط¢ط،ظڈ﴾ (Verily, Allah forgives not that partners should be set up with Him (in worship), but He forgives except that (anything else) to whom He wills). This Ayah is general and includes every sin except Shirk, and it has been mentioned in this Surah, both after this Ayah and before it, in order to encourage hope in Allah, and Allah knows best. It is confirmed in the Two Sahihs, that an Israeli killed one hundred people then he asked a scholar, "Is it possible for me to repent'' So he replied, "What is there that would prevent you from repentance'' So he told him to go to another land where Allah was worshipped. He began to emigrate to it but died on the way, and the angel of mercy was the one to take him. Although this Hadith is about an Israeli, it is even more suitable for the Muslim community that their repentance be accepted. Indeed, Allah relieved Muslims from the burdens and restrictions that were placed on the Jews, and He sent our Prophet with the easy Hanifiyyah way (Islamic Monotheism). As for the honorable Ayah, ﴿ظˆظژظ…ظژظ† ظٹظژظ‚ظ’طھظڈظ„ظ’ ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظڈطھظژط¹ظژظ…ظ‘ظگط¯ط§ظ‹﴾ (And whoever kills a believer intentionally), Abu Hurayrah and several among the Salaf said that this is his punishment, if Allah decides to punish him. And this is the case with every threat that is issued for every sin. For instance, there could be good deeds that this person has done that would prevent him from being punished for that, and Allah knows best. Even if the murderer inevitably enters the Fire -- as Ibn `Abbas stated because his repentance was not accepted, or he did not have good deeds to save him, he will not remain there for eternity, but only for a long time. There are Mutawatir Hadiths stating that the Messenger of Allah said, آ«ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظٹظژط®ظ’ط±ظڈط¬ظڈ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ظپظگظٹ ظ‚ظژظ„ظ’ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ط£ظژط¯ظ’ظ†ظژظ‰ ط°ظژط±ظ‘ظژط©ظچ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¥ظگظٹظ…ظژط§ظ†آ» (Whoever has the least speck of faith in his heart shall ultimately depart the Fire.) ﴿ظٹظژظ€ط£ظژظٹظ‘ظڈظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط¶ظژط±ظژط¨ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژطھظژط¨ظژظٹظ‘ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ„ظگظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ط£ظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ„ظژظ€ظ…ظژ ظ„ظژط³ظ’طھظژ ظ…ظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ط§ظ‹ طھظژط¨ظ’طھظژط؛ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¹ظژط±ظژط¶ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظٹظژظˆط©ظگ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ’ظٹظژط§ ظپظژط¹ظگظ†ظ’ط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ…ظژط؛ظژط§ظ†ظگظ…ظڈ ظƒظژط«ظگظٹط±ظژط©ظŒ ظƒظژط°ظ„ظگظƒظژ ظƒظڈظ†طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط¨ظ’ظ„ظڈ ظپظژظ…ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظژطھظژط¨ظژظٹظ‘ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ طھظژط¹ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط®ظژط¨ظگظٹط±ط§ظ‹ ﴾ (94. O you who believe! When you go (to fight) in the cause of Allah, verify (the truth), and say not to anyone who greets you: "You are not a believer;'' seeking the perishable goods of the worldly life. There is much more benefit with Allah. Even as he is now, so were you yourselves before, till Allah conferred on you His Favors, therefore, be cautious in discrimination. Allah is Ever Well-Aware of what you do.)
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