Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah An-Nisa -> Encouraging Jihad to Defend the Oppressed |
Allah encouraged His believing servants to perform Jihad in His cause and to strive hard to save the oppressed Muslims in Makkah, men, women and children who were restless because of having to remain there. This is why Allah said, ﴿ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظٹظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظژظ†ظژط¢ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظگط¬ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظگظ‡ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژط©ظگ﴾ (whose cry is: "Our Lord! Rescue us from this town), referring to Makkah. In a similar Ayah, Allah said, ﴿ظˆظژظƒظژط£ظژظٹظ‘ظگظ† ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژط©ظچ ظ‡ظگظ‰ظژ ط£ظژط´ظژط¯ظ‘ظڈ ظ‚ظڈظˆظ‘ظژط©ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ظ‚ظژط±ظ’ظٹظژطھظگظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژطھظگظ‰ ط£ظژط®ظ’ط±ظژط¬ظژطھظ’ظƒظژ﴾ (And many a town, stronger than your town which has driven you out) Allah then describes this town, ﴿ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگظ…ظگ ط£ظژظ‡ظ’ظ„ظڈظ‡ظژط§ ظˆظژط§ط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظ’ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژط¯ظڈظ†ظ’ظƒظژ ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژط§ط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظ’ ظ„ظ‘ظژظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژط¯ظڈظ†ظ’ظƒظژ ظ†ظژطµظگظٹط±ط§ظ‹﴾ (whose people are oppressors; and raise for us from You one who will protect, and raise for us from You one who will help) meaning, send protectors and helpers for us. Al-Bukhari recorded that Ibn `Abbas said, "I and my mother were from the oppressed (in Makkah).'' Allah then said, ﴿ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظڈظ‚ظژظ€طھظگظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظڈظ‚ظژظ€طھظگظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ط·ظ‘ظژظ€ط؛ظڈظˆطھظگ﴾ (Those who believe, fight in the cause of Allah, and those who disbelieve, fight in the cause of the Taghut. ) Therefore, the believers fight in obedience to Allah and to gain His pleasure, while the disbelievers fight in obedience to Shaytan. Allah then encourages the believers to fight His enemies, ﴿ظپظژظ‚ظژظ€طھظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظگظٹظژط§ط،ظژ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظ’ط·ظژظ€ظ†ظگ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ظƒظژظٹظ’ط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظٹظ’ط·ظژظ€ظ†ظگ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ط¶ظژط¹ظگظٹظپط§ظ‹﴾ (So fight against the friends of Shaytan; ever feeble indeed is the plot of Shaytan). ﴿ط£ظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ طھظژط±ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ‚ظگظٹظ„ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظƒظڈظپظ‘ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظٹظ’ط¯ظگظٹظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط£ظژظ‚ظگظٹظ…ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ„ظژظˆط©ظژ ظˆظژط،ظژط§طھظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ط²ظ‘ظژظƒظژظˆط©ظژ ظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ظƒظڈطھظگط¨ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگطھظژط§ظ„ظڈ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ظپظژط±ظگظٹظ‚ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط®ظ’ط´ظژظˆظ’ظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط³ظژ ظƒظژط®ظژط´ظ’ظٹظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط£ظژظˆظ’ ط£ظژط´ظژط¯ظ‘ظژ ط®ظژط´ظ’ظٹظژط©ظ‹ ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظژظ†ظژط§ ظ„ظگظ…ظژ ظƒظژطھظژط¨ظ’طھظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظگطھظژط§ظ„ظژ ظ„ظژظˆظ’ظ„ط§ ط£ظژط®ظ‘ظژط±ظ’طھظژظ†ظژط§ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط£ظژط¬ظژظ„ظچ ظ‚ظژط±ظگظٹط¨ظچ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ظ…ظژطھظژظ€ط¹ظڈ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظڈظ†ظ’ظٹظژط§ ظ‚ظژظ„ظگظٹظ„ظŒ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط®ظگط±ظژط©ظڈ ط®ظژظٹظ’ط±ظŒ ظ„ظ‘ظگظ…ظژظ†ظگ ط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظژظ‰ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظڈط¸ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظپظژطھظگظٹظ„ط§ظ‹ - ط£ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژظ…ظژط§ طھظژظƒظڈظˆظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظڈط¯ظ’ط±ظگظƒظƒظ‘ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظˆظ’طھظڈ ظˆظژظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظƒظڈظ†طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ط¨ظڈط±ظڈظˆط¬ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط´ظژظٹظ‘ظژط¯ظژط©ظچ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† طھظڈطµظگط¨ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ طظژط³ظژظ†ظژط©ظŒ ظٹظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگظ†ط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ† طھظڈطµظگط¨ظ’ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط³ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¦ظژط©ظŒ ظٹظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظگظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگظ†ط¯ظگظƒظژ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگظ†ط¯ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظگظ‡ظژظ€ط¤ظڈظ„ط§ط،ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژظƒظژط§ط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظٹظژظپظ’ظ‚ظژظ‡ظڈظˆظ†ظژ طظژط¯ظگظٹط«ط§ظ‹ ﴾ ﴿ظ…ظ‘ظژط¢ ط£ظژطµظژظ€ط¨ظژظƒظژ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ طظژط³ظژظ†ظژط©ظچ ظپظژظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظˆظژظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژطµظژظ€ط¨ظژظƒظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط³ظژظٹظ‘ظگط¦ظژط©ظچ ظپظژظ…ظگظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظƒظژ ظˆظژط£ظژط±ظ’ط³ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژظ€ظƒظژ ظ„ظگظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط³ظگ ط±ظژط³ظڈظˆظ„ط§ظ‹ ظˆظژظƒظژظپظژظ‰ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط´ظژظ‡ظگظٹط¯ط§ظ‹ ﴾ (77. Have you not seen those who were told to hold back their hands (from fighting) and perform Salah and give Zakah, but when the fighting was ordained for them, behold! a section of them fear men as they fear Allah or even more. They say: "Our Lord! Why have You ordained for us fighting Would that You granted us respite for a short period'' Say: "Short is the enjoyment of this world. The Hereafter is (far) better for him who fears Allah, and you shall not be dealt with unjustly even equal to the Fatil.) (78. "Wheresoever you may be, death will overtake you even if you are in fortresses built up strong and high!'' And if some good reaches them, they say, "This is from Allah,'' but if some evil befalls them, they say, "This is from you.'' Say: "All things are from Allah,'' so what is wrong with these people that they fail to understand any word) (79. Whatever of good reaches you, is from Allah, but whatever of evil befalls you, is from yourself. And We have sent you as a Messenger to mankind, and Allah is sufficient as a Witness.)
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