Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah An-Nisa -> Dealing with the Wife's Ill-Conduct

Allah said,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ€طھظگظ‰ طھظژط®ظژط§ظپظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ†ظڈط´ظڈظˆط²ظژظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ﴾

(As to those women on whose part you see ill conduct,) meaning, the woman from whom you see ill conduct with her husband, such as when she acts as if she is above her husband, disobeys him, ignores him, dislikes him, and so forth. When these signs appear in a woman, her husband should advise her and remind her of Allah's torment if she disobeys him. Indeed, Allah ordered the wife to obey her husband and prohibited her from disobeying him, because of the enormity of his rights and all that he does for her. The Messenger of Allah said,

آ«ظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظƒظڈظ†ظ’طھظڈ ط¢ظ…ظگط±ظ‹ط§ ط£ظژط­ظژط¯ظ‹ط§ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ظٹظژط³ظ’ط¬ظڈط¯ظژ ظ„ظگط£ظژط­ظژط¯ظچطŒ ظ„ظژط£ظژظ…ظژط±ظ’طھظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط±ظ’ط£ظژط©ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ طھظژط³ظ’ط¬ظڈط¯ظژ ظ„ظگط²ظژظˆظ’ط¬ظگظ‡ظژط§طŒ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¹ظگط¸ظژظ…ظگ ط­ظژظ‚ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظژط§آ»

(If I were to command anyone to prostrate before anyone, I would have commanded the wife to prostrate before her husband, because of the enormity of his right upon her.) Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

آ«ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط¯ظژط¹ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژط¬ظڈظ„ظڈ ط§ظ…ظ’ط±ظژط£ظژطھظژظ‡ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ظ‰ ظپظگط±ظژط§ط´ظگظ‡ظگ ظپظژط£ظژط¨ظژطھظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگطŒ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ†ظژطھظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژط§ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظڈ ط­ظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ طھظڈطµظ’ط¨ظگط­آ»

(If the man asks his wife to come to his bed and she declines, the angels will keep cursing her until the morning.) Muslim recorded it with the wording,

آ«ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط¨ظژط§طھظژطھظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط±ظ’ط£ظژط©ظڈ ظ‡ظژط§ط¬ظگط±ظژط©ظ‹ ظپظگط±ظژط§ط´ظژ ط²ظژظˆظ’ط¬ظگظ‡ظژط§طŒ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ†ظژطھظ’ظ‡ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظژط§ط¦ظگظƒظژط©ظڈ ط­ظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ طھظڈطµظ’ط¨ظگط­آ»

(If the wife goes to sleep while ignoring her husband's bed, the angels will keep cursing her until the morning.) This is why Allah said,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ€طھظگظ‰ طھظژط®ظژط§ظپظڈظˆظ†ظژ ظ†ظڈط´ظڈظˆط²ظژظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ظپظژط¹ظگط¸ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ﴾

(As to those women on whose part you see ill conduct, admonish them (first)). Allah's statement,

﴿ظˆظژط§ظ‡ظ’ط¬ظڈط±ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط¶ظژط§ط¬ظگط¹ظگ﴾

(abandon them in their beds,) `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas said "The abandonment refers to not having intercourse with her, to lie on her bed with his back to her.'' Several others said similarly. As-Suddi, Ad-Dahhak, `Ikrimah, and Ibn `Abbas, in another narration, added, "Not to speak with her or talk to her.'' The Sunan and Musnad compilers recorded that Mu`awiyah bin Haydah Al-Qushayri said, "O Allah's Messenger! What is the right that the wife of one of us has on him'' The Prophet said,

آ«ط£ظژظ†ظ’ طھظڈط·ظ’ط¹ظگظ…ظژظ‡ظژط§ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط·ظژط¹ظگظ…ظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژطھظژظƒظ’ط³ظڈظˆظژظ‡ظژط§ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ط§ظƒظ’طھظژط³ظژظٹظ’طھظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ طھظژط¶ظ’ط±ظگط¨ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظژط¬ظ’ظ‡ظژطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ طھظڈظ‚ظژط¨ظ‘ظگط­ظ’طŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژط§ طھظژظ‡ظ’ط¬ظڈط±ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظ‘ظژط§ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژظٹظ’طھآ»

(To feed her when you eat, cloth her when you buy clothes for yourself, refrain from striking her face or cursing her, and to not abandon her, except in the house.) Allah's statement,

﴿ظˆظژط§ط¶ظ’ط±ظگط¨ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ﴾

(beat them) means, if advice and ignoring her in the bed do not produce the desired results, you are allowed to discipline the wife, without severe beating. Muslim recorded that Jabir said that during the Farewell Hajj, the Prophet said;

آ«ظˆظژط§طھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆط§ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظژ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظگط³ظژط§ط،ظگطŒ ظپظژط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¹ظگظ†ظ’ط¯ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظˆظژط§ظ†ظچطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ظ„ظژط§ ظٹظڈظˆط·ظگط¦ظ’ظ†ظژ ظپظڈط±ظڈط´ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط­ظژط¯ظ‹ط§ طھظژظƒظ’ط±ظژظ‡ظڈظˆظ†ظژظ‡ظڈطŒظپظژط¥ظگظ†ظ’ ظپظژط¹ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظژ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظپظژط§ط¶ظ’ط±ظگط¨ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¶ظژط±ظ’ط¨ظ‹ط§ ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط±ظژ ظ…ظڈط¨ظژط±ظگط­ظچطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط±ظگط²ظ’ظ‚ظڈظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ظˆظژظƒظگط³ظ’ظˆظژطھظڈظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط¹ظ’ط±ظڈظˆظپآ»

(Fear Allah regarding women, for they are your assistants. You have the right on them that they do not allow any person whom you dislike to step on your mat. However, if they do that, you are allowed to discipline them lightly. They have a right on you that you provide them with their provision and clothes, in a reasonable manner.) Ibn `Abbas and several others said that the Ayah refers to a beating that is not violent. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said that it means, a beating that is not severe.