`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him:
﴿وَإِنَّ مِن شِيعَتِهِ لإِبْرَهِيمَ ﴾
(And verily, among those who followed his ways was Ibrahim.) means, he was one of the followers of his religion. Mujahid said, "He was following his path and his way.''
﴿إِذْ جَآءَ رَبَّهُ بِقَلْبٍ سَلِيمٍ ﴾
(When he came to his Lord with a Salim heart.) Ibn `Abbas, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "This means that he bore witness that none has the right to be worshipped except Allah.'' rIbn Abi Hatim recorded that `Awf said, "I said to Muhammad bin Sirin, `What is the Salim heart' He said, `One which knows that Allah is true and that the Hour will undoubtedly come to pass, and that Allah will resurrect those who are in the graves.''' Al-Hasan said, "One that is free from Shirk.'' `Urwah said, "One that is not cursed.''
﴿إِذْ قَالَ لاًّبِيهِ وَقَوْمِهِ مَاذَا تَعْبُدُونَ ﴾
(When he said to his father and to his people: "What is it that which you worship'') He denounced his people for their worship of idols and false gods, Allah said:
﴿أَءِفْكاً ءَالِهَةً دُونَ اللَّهِ تُرِيدُونَ - فَمَا ظَنُّكُم بِرَبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ ﴾
(Is it a falsehood -- gods other than Allah -- that you desire Then what think you about the Lord of the all that exists) Qatadah said, "This means, `what do you think He will do with you when you meet Him, given that you worshipped others alongside Him''
﴿فَنَظَرَ نَظْرَةً فِى النُّجُومِ - فَقَالَ إِنِّى سَقِيمٌ - فَتَوَلَّوْاْ عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ - فَرَاغَ إِلَى ءَالِهَتِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَلا تَأْكُلُونَ - مَا لَكُمْ لاَ تَنطِقُونَ - فَرَاغَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضَرْباً بِالْيَمِينِ - فَأَقْبَلُواْ إِلَيْهِ يَزِفُّونَ - قَالَ أَتَعْبُدُونَ مَا تَنْحِتُونَ - وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ وَمَا تَعْمَلُونَ - قَالُواْ ابْنُواْ لَهُ بُنْيَـناً فَأَلْقُوهُ فِى الْجَحِيمِ - فَأَرَادُواْ بِهِ كَيْداً فَجَعَلْنَـهُمُ الاٌّسْفَلِينَ ﴾
(88. Then he cast a glance at the stars,) (89. And he said: "Verily, I am sick.'') (90. So they turned away from him and departed.) (91. Then he turned to their gods and said: "Will you not eat'') (92. "What is the matter with you that you speak not'') (93. Then he turned upon them, striking (them) with (his) right hand.) (94. Then they came hastily towards him.) (95. He said: "Worship you that which you (yourselves) carve'') (96. "While Allah has created you and what you make!'') (97. They said: "Build for him a building and throw him into the blazing fire!'') (98. So, they plotted a plot against him, but We made them the lowest.) Ibrahim, peace be upon him, said this to his people so that he could stay behind in the city when they went out for their festival. The time was approaching for them to go out to celebrate a festival of theirs, and he wanted to be alone with their gods so that he could break them, so he told them something that was true, for he was indeed sick of the implications of what they believed in.
﴿فَتَوَلَّوْاْ عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ ﴾
(So they turned away from him and departed.) Qatadah said, "The Arabs say of one who thinks deeply that he is looking at the stars.'' What Qatadah meant is that he looked at the heavens thinking of a way to distract his people. So he said,
﴿إِنِّى سَقِيمٌ﴾
(Verily, I am sick.) meaning, weak. Ibn Jarir narrated here a Hadith from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, stating that the Messenger of Allah said:
«لَمْ يَكْذِبْ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ غَيْرَ ثَلَاثَ كَذَبَاتٍ: ثِنْتَيْنِ فِي ذَاتِ اللهِ تَعَالَى، قَوْلُهُ:
﴿إِنِّى سَقِيمٌ﴾
وَقَوْلُهُ:
﴿بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَـذَا﴾
وَقَوْلُهُ فِي سَارَّةَ: هِيَ أُخْتِي»
(Ibrahim (peace and blessings be upon him) did not lie except in three cases. Two were for the sake of Allah: (one is) when he said, (Verily, I am sick); and (the second) when he said, (Nay, this one, the biggest (his wife) of them (idols) did it.) and (the third) when he said concerning (his wife) Sarah, "She is my sister.'') This Hadith is recorded in the books of the Sahih and Sunan with various chain of narrations. But this is not the kind of real lie for which a person is to be condemned -- Allah forbid! One calls it a lie for lack of a better word, because it is abstruse speech used for a legitimate religious purpose, and it was said that what was meant by the words,
﴿إِنِّى سَقِيمٌ﴾
(Verily, I am sick) was, `I am sick at heart of your worshipping idols instead of Allah.' Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, "The people of Ibrahim went out to their festival and they wanted to make him go out too. So he lay down on his back and said,
﴿إِنِّى سَقِيمٌ﴾
(Verily, I am sick.) and he started looking at the sky. When they had gone out, he turned to their gods and broke them.'' This was recorded by Ibn Abi Hatim. Allah said:
﴿فَتَوَلَّوْاْ عَنْهُ مُدْبِرِينَ ﴾
(So they turned away from him and departed.) meaning, he went to them after they had left, quickly and secretly.
﴿فَقَالَ أَلا تَأْكُلُونَ﴾
(and said: "Will you not eat'') They had placed food before them as a sacrifice, so that the food might be blessed. When Ibrahim, peace be upon him, looked at the food that was before them, he said:
﴿فَرَاغَ إِلَى ءَالِهَتِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَلا تَأْكُلُونَ - مَا لَكُمْ لاَ تَنطِقُونَ ﴾
(Will you not eat What is the matter with you that you speak not)
﴿فَرَاغَ عَلَيْهِمْ ضَرْباً بِالْيَمِينِ ﴾
(Then he turned upon them, striking (them) with (his) right hand.) Al-Farra' said, "This means, he started to hit them with his right hand.'' Qatadah and Al-Jawhari said, "He turned to them, hitting them with his right hand.'' He struck them with his right hand because the right hand is stronger and more powerful. Then he left them broken to pieces, (all) except the biggest of them, that they might turn to it, as we have already seen in the Tafsir of Surat Al-Anbiya'.
﴿فَأَقْبَلُواْ إِلَيْهِ يَزِفُّونَ ﴾
(Then they came hastily towards him.) Mujahid and others said, "This means, they came rushing. The story is told in brief here; in Surat Al-Anbiya', it is told in more detail. When they returned, they did not know at first who had done this, until they investigated and found out that Ibrahim, peace be upon him, was the one who had done it. When they came to rebuke him, he started rebuking and criticizing them and said:
﴿أَتَعْبُدُونَ مَا تَنْحِتُونَ﴾
(Worship you that which you carve) meaning, `do you worship instead of Allah idols which you yourselves carve and fashion with your own hands'
﴿وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ وَمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ﴾
(While Allah has created you and what you make!) This may mean, `Allah has created you and what you do;' or it may mean, `Allah has created you and what you make.' Both views are synonymous. The former is more apparent because of the report recorded by Al-Bukhari in the Book Af`al Al-`Ibad from Hudhayfah, attributed to the Prophet :
«إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى يَصْنَعُ كُلَّ صَانِعٍ وَصَنْعَتَه»
(Allah has created every doer of deeds and what he does.) Thereupon he recited:
﴿وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ وَمَا تَعْمَلُونَ ﴾
(While Allah has created you and what you make!) When the proof had been established against them, they resolved to seize him by force and they said:
﴿ابْنُواْ لَهُ بُنْيَـناً فَأَلْقُوهُ فِى الْجَحِيمِ﴾
(Build for him a building (i.e., furnace) and throw him into the blazing fire!) There happened what we have already discussed in our Tafsir of Surat Al-Anbiya', (21:68-70) and Allah saved him from the fire and caused him to prevail over them, making his proof supreme and supporting it. Allah says:
﴿فَأَرَادُواْ بِهِ كَيْداً فَجَعَلْنَـهُمُ الاٌّسْفَلِينَ ﴾
(So, they plotted a plot against him, but We made them the lowest.)
﴿وَقَالَ إِنِّى ذَاهِبٌ إِلَى رَبِّى سَيَهْدِينِ - رَبِّ هَبْ لِى مِنَ الصَّـلِحِينِ - فَبَشَّرْنَـهُ بِغُلَـمٍ حَلِيمٍ - فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَعَهُ السَّعْىَ قَالَ يبُنَىَّ إِنِّى أَرَى فِى الْمَنَامِ أَنِّى أَذْبَحُكَ فَانظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَى قَالَ يأَبَتِ افْعَلْ مَا تُؤمَرُ سَتَجِدُنِى إِن شَآءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّـبِرِينَ - فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَا وَتَلَّهُ لِلْجَبِينِ - وَنَـدَيْنَـهُ أَن يإِبْرَهِيمُ - قَدْ صَدَّقْتَ الرُّؤْيَآ إِنَّا كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ - إِنَّ هَـذَا لَهُوَ الْبَلاَءُ الْمُبِينُ - وَفَدَيْنَـهُ بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ وَتَرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِى الاٌّخِرِينَ سَلَـمٌ عَلَى إِبْرَهِيمَ كَذَلِكَ نَجْزِى الْمُحْسِنِينَ إِنَّهُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَبَشَّرْنَـهُ بِإِسْحَـقَ نَبِيّاً مِّنَ الصَّـلِحِينَ وَبَـرَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى إِسْحَـقَ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا مُحْسِنٌ وَظَـلِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ مُبِينٌ ﴾
(99. And he said: "Verily, I am going to my Lord. He will guide me!'' (100. "My Lord! Grant me (offspring) from the righteous.'') (101. So, We gave him the glad tidings of a forbearing boy.) (102. And, when he (his son) was old enough to walk with him, he said: "O my son! I have seen in a dream that I am slaughtering you. So look what you think!'' He said: "O my father! Do that which you are commanded, if Allah wills, you shall find me of the patient.'') (103. Then, when they had both submitted themselves, and he had laid him prostrate on his forehead;) (104. We called out to him: "O Ibrahim!'') (105. "You have fulfilled the dream!'' Verily, thus do We reward the doers of good.) (106. Verily, that indeed was a manifest trial.) (107. And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice;) (108. And We left for him among the later generations.) (109. "Salam (peace!) be upon Ibrahim!'') (110. Thus indeed do We reward the doers of good.) (111. Verily, he was one of Our believing servants.) (112. And We gave him the glad tidings of Ishaq -- a Prophet from the righteous.) (113. We blessed him and Ishaq. And of their progeny are (some) that do right, and some that plainly wrong themselves.)