Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Saba -> The Hour will come so that each Person will be rewarded or punished in accordance with His Deeds |
This is one of three Ayat -- there is no fourth -- where Allah commands His Messenger to swear by His Almighty Lord that the resurrection will surely come, because the stubborn followers of disbelief denied that it would happen. One of these Ayat is in Surah Yunus, where Allah says: ﴿ظˆظژظٹظژط³ظ’طھظژظ†ظ’ط¨ظگط¦ظڈظˆظ†ظژظƒظژ ط£ظژطظژظ‚ظ‘ظŒ ظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ط¥ظگظ‰ ظˆظژط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظژطظژظ‚ظ‘ظŒ ظˆظژظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظژظ†طھظڈظ…ظ’ ط¨ظگظ…ظڈط¹ظ’ط¬ظگط²ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (And they ask you to inform them (saying): "Is it true'' Say: "Yes! By my Lord! It is the very truth! and you cannot escape it!'') (10:53). The second of these Ayat is this one: ﴿ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ„ط§ظژ طھظژط£ظ’طھظگظٹظ†ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژط§ط¹ظژط©ظڈ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ط¨ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظˆظژط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژطھظژط£ظ’طھظگظٹظژظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’﴾ (Those who disbelieve say: "The Hour will not come to us.'' Say: "Yes, by my Lord, it will come to you...''). And the third of them appears in Surat At-Taghabun, where Allah says: ﴿ط²ظژط¹ظژظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظ† ظ„ظ‘ظژظ† ظٹظڈط¨ظ’ط¹ظژط«ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ط¨ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظˆظژط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژطھظڈط¨ظ’ط¹ظژط«ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط«ظڈظ…ظ‘ظژ ظ„ظژطھظڈظ†ظژط¨ظ‘ظژط¤ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¨ظگظ…ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظٹظژط³ظگظٹط±ظŒ ﴾ (The disbelievers pretend that they will never be resurrected (for reckoning). Say: "Yes! By my Lord, you will certainly be resurrected, then you will be informed of what you did; and that is easy for Allah'') (64:7). And Allah says here: ﴿ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ ط¨ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ظˆظژط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژطھظژط£ظ’طھظگظٹظژظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’﴾ (Say: "Yes, by my Lord, it will come to you...'') Then Allah is described in a manner that affirms that: ﴿ط¹ظژظ€ظ„ظگظ…ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظگ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط¹ظ’ط²ظڈط¨ظڈ ط¹ظژظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظگط«ظ’ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظڈ ط°ظژط±ظ‘ظژط©ظچ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژظ€ظˆظژطھظگ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژطµظ’ط؛ظژط±ظڈ ظ…ظگظ† ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ ط£ظژظƒظ’ط¨ظژط±ظڈ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ظƒظگطھظژظ€ط¨ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈط¨ظگظٹظ†ظچ﴾ (the All-Knower of the Unseen, not even the weight of a speck of dust or less than that or greater escapes His knowledge in the heavens or in the earth but it is in a Clear Book.) Mujahid and Qatadah said, "Nothing is hidden or concealed from Him.'' In other words, everything is encompassed by His knowledge, and nothing is hidden from Him. Even though bones may be scattered and disintegrate, He knows where they have gone and where they have dispersed, then He will bring them back just as He created them in the first place, because He has knowledge of all things. Then Allah tells us of His wisdom in re-creating bodies and bringing about the Hour, as He says: ﴿ظ„ظ‘ظگظٹظژط¬ظ’ط²ظگظ‰ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگطظژظ€طھظگ ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظژط؛ظ’ظپظگط±ظژط©ظŒ ظˆظژط±ظگط²ظ’ظ‚ظŒ ظƒظژط±ظگظٹظ…ظŒ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط³ظژط¹ظژظˆظ’ط§ ظپظگظ‰ ط،ظژط§ظٹظژظ€طھظگظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط¹ظژط§ط¬ظگط²ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾ (That He may recompense those who believe and do righteous good deeds. Those, theirs is forgiveness and generous provision. But those who strive against Our Ayat to frustrate them) meaning, those who try to turn others away from the path of Allah and who disbelieve His Messengers, ﴿ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظŒ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظگط¬ظ’ط²ظچ ط£ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظŒ﴾ (those, for them will be a severe painful torment.) This means, He will bestow His favor upon the blessed, who are the believers, and will punish the doomed, who are the disbelievers. This is like the Ayah: ﴿ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژط³ظ’طھظژظˆظگظ‰ ط£ظژطµظ’طظژظ€ط¨ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ظˆظژط£ظژطµظ’طظژظ€ط¨ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژظ†ظ‘ظژط©ظگ ط£ظژطµظ’طظژظ€ط¨ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¬ظژظ†ظ‘ظژط©ظگ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظپظژط¢ط¦ظگط²ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (Not equal are the dwellers of the Fire and the dwellers of the Paradise. It is the dwellers of Paradise that will be successful.) (59:20) ﴿ط£ظژظ…ظ’ ظ†ظژط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ظژط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظˆظژط¹ظژظ…ظگظ„ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگطظژظ€طھظگ ظƒظژط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظپظ’ط³ظگط¯ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ط£ظژظ…ظ’ ظ†ظژط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈطھظ‘ظژظ‚ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژط§ظ„ظ’ظپظڈط¬ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ﴾ (Shall We treat those who believe and do righteous good deeds like those who cause mischief on the earth Or shall We treat those who have Taqwa as the evildoers) (38:28) ﴿ظˆظژظٹظژط±ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظڈظˆطھظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظگظ„ظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ط£ظڈظ†ط²ظگظ„ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظƒظژ ظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظژ﴾ (And those who have been given knowledge see that what is revealed to you from your Lord is the truth,) This is another kind of wisdom, following on from the one before, which is that when those who believed in what was revealed to the Messengers see the onset of the Hour and how the righteous and the wicked will be rewarded and punished respectively, which they knew of beforehand in this world from the Books of Allah and which they are now seeing with their own eyes, they will say: ﴿ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ط¬ظژط¢ط،ظژطھظ’ ط±ظڈط³ظڈظ„ظڈ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ†ظژط§ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظگ﴾ (Indeed, the Messengers of our Lord did come with the truth) (7:43). And it will be said: ﴿ظ‡ظژط°ظژط§ ظ…ظژط§ ظˆظژط¹ظژط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژطظ’ظ…ظ€ظ†ظڈ ظˆظژطµظژط¯ظژظ‚ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈط±ظ’ط³ظژظ„ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾ (This is what the Most Gracious had promised, and the Messengers spoke truth!) ﴿36:52﴾ ﴿ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظ„ظژط¨ظگط«ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظ‰ ظƒظگطھظژظ€ط¨ظگ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط«ظگ ظپظژظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظژط§ ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژط¹ظ’ط«ظگ﴾ (Indeed you have stayed according to the decree of Allah, until the Day of Resurrection; so this is the Day of Resurrection) (30:56), ﴿ظˆظژظٹظژط±ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط£ظڈظˆطھظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظگظ„ظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ط£ظڈظ†ط²ظگظ„ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظٹظ’ظƒظژ ظ…ظگظ† ط±ظ‘ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظƒظژ ظ‡ظڈظˆظژ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ‚ظ‘ظژ ظˆظژظٹظژظ‡ظ’ط¯ظگظ‰ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ طµظگط±ظژط§ط·ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط²ظگظٹط²ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’طظژظ…ظگظٹط¯ظگ ﴾ (And those who have been given knowledge see that what is revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, and that it guides to the path of the Exalted in might, Owner of all praise.) The Exalted in might is the One Who is All-Powerful, Whom none can overwhelm or resist, but He subjugates and controls all things. The Owner of All praise is the One Who, in all His words, deeds, laws and decrees, is deserving of praise, may He be glorified and exalted. ﴿ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظ‡ظژظ„ظ’ ظ†ظژط¯ظڈظ„ظ‘ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط±ظژط¬ظڈظ„ظچ ظٹظڈظ†ظژط¨ظ‘ظگط¦ظڈظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¥ظگط°ظژط§ ظ…ظڈط²ظ‘ظگظ‚ظ’طھظڈظ…ظ’ ظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظڈظ…ظژط²ظ‘ظژظ‚ظچ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظ„ظژظپظگظ‰ ط®ظژظ„ظ’ظ‚ظچ ط¬ظژط¯ظگظٹط¯ظچ - ط£ظژظپظ’طھظژط±ظژظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظƒظژط°ظگط¨ط§ظ‹ ط£ظژظ… ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ط¬ظگظ†ظ‘ظژط©ظŒ ط¨ظژظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ†ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط®ظگط±ظژط©ظگ ظپظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط°ظژط§ط¨ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط¶ظ‘ظژظ„ظژظ€ظ„ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¨ظژط¹ظگظٹط¯ظگ - ط£ظژظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ظٹظژط±ظژظˆظ’ط§ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژ ط£ظژظٹظ’ط¯ظگظٹظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ط®ظژظ„ظ’ظپظژظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط¢ط،ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ط¥ظگظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژط´ظژط£ظ’ ظ†ظژط®ظ’ط³ظگظپظ’ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظژ ط£ظژظˆظ’ ظ†ظڈط³ظ’ظ‚ظگط·ظ’ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگظ…ظ’ ظƒظگط³ظژظپط§ظ‹ ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظژظ…ظژط¢ط،ظگ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ط§ظ‘ظٹظژط©ظ‹ ظ„ظ‘ظگظƒظڈظ„ظ‘ظگ ط¹ظژط¨ظ’ط¯ظچ ظ…ظ‘ظڈظ†ظگظٹط¨ظچ ﴾ (7. Those who disbelieve say: "Shall we direct you to a man who will tell you (that) when you have become fully disintegrated into dust with full dispersion, then you will be created (again) anew'') (8. Has he invented a lie against Allah, or is there a madness in him Nay, but those who disbelieve in the Hereafter are (themselves) in a torment, and in far error.) (9. See they not what is before them and what is behind them, of the heaven and the earth If We will, We shall sink the earth with them, or cause a piece of the heaven to fall upon them. Verily, in this is a sign for every servant who turns (to Allah) in repentance.)
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