Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Al-Baqarah -> Tawhid is the Most Trustworthy Handhold |
Allah's statement, ﴿ظپظژظ…ظژظ†ظ’ ظٹظژظƒظ’ظپظڈط±ظ’ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط·ظ‘ظژظ€ط؛ظڈظˆطھظگ ظˆظژظٹظڈط¤ظ’ظ…ظگظ† ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظگ ط§ط³ظ’طھظژظ…ظ’ط³ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظڈط«ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰ ظ„ط§ظژ ط§ظ†ظپظگطµظژط§ظ…ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظژط§ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط³ظژظ…ظگظٹط¹ظŒ ط¹ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظŒ﴾ (Whoever disbelieves in Taghut and believes in Allah, then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break. And Allah is All-Hearer, All-Knower) is in reference to, "Whoever shuns the rivals of Allah, the idols, and those that Shaytan calls to be worshipped besides Allah, whoever believes in Allah's Oneness, worships Him alone and testifies that there is no deity worthy of worship except Him, then ﴿ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظگ ط§ط³ظ’طھظژظ…ظ’ط³ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظڈط«ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰﴾ (then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold.) Therefore, this person will have acquired firmness ﴿in the religion﴾ and proceeded on the correct way and the straight path. Abu Al-Qasim Al-Baghawi recorded that `Umar said, "Jibt means magic, and Taghut means Shaytan. Verily, courage and cowardice are two instincts that appear in men, the courageous fights for those whom he does not know and the coward runs away from defending his own mother. Man's honor resides with his religion and his status is based upon his character, even if he was Persian or Nabatian.'' `Umar's statement that Taghut is Shaytan is very sound, for this meaning includes every type of evil that the ignorant people of Jahiliyyah (pre Islamic era of ignorace) fell into, such as worshipping idols, referring to them for judgement, and invoking them for victory. Allah's statement, ﴿ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظگ ط§ط³ظ’طھظژظ…ظ’ط³ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظڈط«ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰ ظ„ط§ظژ ط§ظ†ظپظگطµظژط§ظ…ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظژط§﴾ (then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break) means, "He will have hold of the true religion with the strongest grasp.'' Allah equated this adherence to the firm handhold that never breaks because it is built solid and because its handle is firmly connected. This is why Allah said here, ﴿ظپظژظ‚ظژط¯ظگ ط§ط³ظ’طھظژظ…ظ’ط³ظژظƒظژ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظڈط«ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰ ظ„ط§ظژ ط§ظ†ظپظگطµظژط§ظ…ظژ ظ„ظژظ‡ظژط§﴾ (then he has grasped the most trustworthy handhold that will never break.) Mujahid said, "The most trustworthy handhold is Iman (faith).'' As-Suddi said that it refers to Islam. Imam Ahmad recorded that Qays bin `Abbad said, "I was in the Masjid when a man whose face showed signs of humbleness came and prayed two Rak`ahs that were modest in length. The people said, `This is a man from among the people of Paradise.' When he left, I followed him until he entered his house, and I entered it after him and spoke with him. When he felt at ease, I said to him, `When you entered the Masjid, the people said such and such things.' He said, `All praise is due to Allah! No one should say what he has no knowledge of. I will tell you why they said that. I saw a vision during the time of the Messenger of Allah, and I narrated it to him. I saw that I was in a green garden, ' and he described the garden's plants and spaciousness, `and there was an iron pole in the middle of the garden affixed in the earth and its tip reached the sky. On its tip, there was a handle, and I was told to ascend the pole. I said, `I cannot.' Then a helper came and raised my robe from behind and said to me, `Ascend.' I ascended until I grasped the handle and he said to me, `Hold on to the handle.' I awoke from that dream with the handle in my hand. I went to the Messenger of Allah and told him about the vision and he said, آ«ط£ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط§ظ„ط±ظ‘ظژظˆظ’ط¶ظژط©ظڈ ظپظژط±ظژظˆظ’ط¶ظژط©ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¥ظگط³ظ’ظ„ظژط§ظ…ظگطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژظ…ظڈظˆط¯ظڈ ظپظژط¹ظژظ…ظڈظˆط¯ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¥ظگط³ظ’ظ„ظژط§ظ…ظگطŒ ظˆظژط£ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظڈ ظپظژظ‡ظگظٹظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط±ظ’ظˆظژط©ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظˆظڈط«ظ’ظ‚ظژظ‰طŒ ط£ظژظ†ظ’طھظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¥ظگط³ظ’ظ„ظژط§ظ…ظگ طظژطھظ‘ظژظ‰ طھظژظ…ظڈظˆطھآ» (As for the garden, it represents Islam; as for the pole, it represents the pillar of Islam; and the handle represents the most trustworthy handhold. You shall remain Muslim until you die.) This Companion was `Abdullah bin Salam.'' This Hadith was also collected in the Two Sahihs; and Al-Bukhari also recorded it with another chain of narration. ﴿ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژظ„ظگظٹظ‘ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ط،ط§ظ…ظژظ†ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ظٹظڈط®ظ’ط±ظگط¬ظڈظ‡ظڈظ… ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظڈظ…ظژظ€طھظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظڈظˆط±ظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظٹظ†ظژ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط£ظژظˆظ’ظ„ظگظٹظژط¢ط¤ظڈظ‡ظڈظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ط·ظ‘ظژظ€ط؛ظڈظˆطھظڈ ظٹظڈط®ظ’ط±ظگط¬ظڈظˆظ†ظژظ‡ظڈظ… ظ…ظ‘ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظڈظˆط±ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظڈظ…ظژظ€طھظگ ط£ظڈظˆظ’ظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ط£ظژطµظ’طظژظ€ط¨ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط®ظژظ€ظ„ظگط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (257. Allah is the Wali (Protector or Guardian) of those who believe. He brings them out from darknesses into light. But as for those who disbelieve, their Awliya' (supporters and helpers) are Taghut (false deities and false leaders), they bring them out from light into darknesses. Those are the dwellers of the Fire, and they will abide therein forever.) Allah stated that whoever follows what pleases Him, He will guide him to the paths of peace, that is Islam, or Paradise. Verily, Allah delivers His believing servants from the darkness of disbelief, doubt and hesitation, to the light of the plain, clear, explained, easy and unequivocal truth. He also stated that Shaytan is the supporter of the disbelievers who beautifies the paths of ignorance and misguidance that they follow, thus causing them to deviate from the true path into disbelief and wickedness. ﴿ط£ظڈظˆظ„ظژظ€ط¦ظگظƒظژ ط£ظژطµظ’طظژظ€ط¨ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظگ ظ‡ظڈظ…ظ’ ظپظگظٹظ‡ظژط§ ط®ظژظ€ظ„ظگط¯ظڈظˆظ†ظژ﴾ (Those are the dwellers of the Fire, and they will abide therein forever.) This is why Allah mentioned the light in the singular while mentioned the darkness in the plural, because truth is one, while disbelief comes as several types, all of which are false. Similarly, Allah said, ﴿ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ظ‡ظژظ€ط°ظژط§ طµظگط±ظژط·ظگظٹ ظ…ظڈط³ظ’طھظژظ‚ظگظٹظ…ظ‹ط§ ظپظژط§طھظ‘ظژط¨ظگط¹ظڈظˆظ‡ظڈ ظˆظژظ„ط§ظژ طھظژطھظ‘ظژط¨ظگط¹ظڈظˆط§ظ’ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظڈط¨ظڈظ„ظژ ظپظژطھظژظپظژط±ظ‘ظژظ‚ظژ ط¨ظگظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¹ظژظ† ط³ظژط¨ظگظٹظ„ظگظ‡ظگ ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ظˆظژطµظ‘ظژظ€ظƒظڈظ…ظ’ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ظ„ظژط¹ظژظ„ظ‘ظژظƒظڈظ…ظ’ طھظژطھظ‘ظژظ‚ظڈظˆظ†ظژ ﴾ (And verily, this is my straight path, so follow it, and follow not (other) paths, for they will separate you away from His path. This He has ordained for you that you may have Taqwa) ﴿6:153﴾, ﴿ظˆظژط¬ظژط¹ظژظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظڈظ„ظڈظ…ظژظ€طھظگ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظڈظˆط±ظژ﴾ (And originated the darknesses and the light) ﴿6:1﴾, and, ﴿ط¸ظگظ„ظژظ€ظ„ظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظ…ظگظٹظ†ظگ﴾ (to the right and to the lefts) ﴿16: 48﴾. There are many other Ayat on the subject that mention the truth in the singular and falsehood in the plural, because of falsehood's many divisions and branches. ﴿ط£ظژظ„ظژظ…ظ’ طھظژط±ظژ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ طظژط¢ط¬ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگط¨ظ’ط±ظژظ‡ظگظٹظ…ظژ ظپظگظ‰ ط±ظگط¨ظ‘ظگظ‡ظگ ط£ظژظ†ظ’ ط¢طھظژظ€ظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظڈظ„ظ’ظƒظژ ط¥ظگط°ظ’ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط¥ظگط¨ظ’ط±ظژظ‡ظگظٹظ…ظڈ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظٹظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ظٹظڈطظ’ظ‰ظگ ظˆظژظٹظڈظ…ظگظٹطھظڈ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ ط£ظڈطظ’ظ‰ظگ ظˆظژط£ظڈظ…ظگظٹطھظڈ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط¥ظگط¨ظ’ط±ظژظ‡ظگظٹظ…ظڈ ظپظژط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظٹظژط£ظ’طھظگظ‰ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظ…ظ’ط³ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط´ظ’ط±ظگظ‚ظگ ظپظژط£ظ’طھظگ ط¨ظگظ‡ظژط§ ظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژط؛ظ’ط±ظگط¨ظگ ظپظژط¨ظڈظ‡ظگطھظژ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژط°ظگظ‰ ظƒظژظپظژط±ظژ ظˆظژط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژظ‡ظ’ط¯ظگظ‰ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ‚ظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ط§ظ„ط¸ظ‘ظژظ€ظ„ظگظ…ظگظٹظ†ظژ ﴾ (258. Have you not looked at him who disputed with Ibrahim about his Lord (Allah), because Allah had given him the kingdom When Ibrahim said (to him): "My Lord is He Who gives life and causes death.'' He said, "I give life and cause death.'' Ibrahim said, "Verily, Allah brings the sun from the east; then bring it you from the west.'' So the disbeliever was utterly defeated. And Allah guides not the people, who are wrongdoers.)
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