Tafsir Ibn Kathir -> Surah Yusuf -> The King investigates what happened between the Wife of the `Aziz, the Women in the City, and Yusuf

Allah narrates to us that when the king was conveyed the interpretation of his dream, he liked Yusuf's interpretation and felt sure that it was true. He realized the virtue of Prophet Yusuf, recognized his knowledge in the interpretation of dreams and valued his good conduct with his subjects in his country. The king said,

﴿ط§ط¦ظ’طھظڈظˆظ†ظگظ‰ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ﴾

(Bring him to me.) `Release him from prison and bring him to me.' When the king's emissary came to Yusuf and conveyed the news of his imminent release, Yusuf refused to leave the prison until the king and his subjects declare his innocence and the integrity of his honor, denouncing the false accusation that the wife of the `Aziz made against him. He wanted them to know that sending him to prison was an act of injustice and aggression, not that he committed an offense that warranted it. He said,

﴿ط§ط±ظ’ط¬ظگط¹ظ’ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظƒظژ﴾

(Return to your lord (i.e. king...) The Sunnah of our Prophet praised Prophet Yusuf and asserted his virtues, honor, elevated rank and patience, may Allah's peace and blessings be on him. The Musnad and the Two Sahihs recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said,

آ«ظ†ظژط­ظ’ظ†ظڈ ط£ظژط­ظژظ‚ظ‘ظڈ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط´ظ‘ظژظƒظ‘ظگ ظ…ظگظ†ظ’ ط¥ظگط¨ظ’ط±ظژط§ظ‡ظگظٹظ…ظژ ط¥ظگط°ظ’ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„آ»

(We are more liable to be in doubt than Ibrahim when he said,)

﴿ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگ ط£ظژط±ظگظ†ظگظ‰ ظƒظژظٹظ’ظپظژ طھظڈط­ظ’ظ‰ظگ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظˆظ’طھظژظ‰﴾

(My Lord! Show me how You give life to the dead. ..)

آ«ظˆظژظٹظژط±ظ’ط­ظژظ…ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظڈظˆط·ظ‹ط§ ظ„ظژظ‚ظژط¯ظ’ ظƒظژط§ظ†ظژ ظٹظژط£ظ’ظˆظگظٹ ط¥ظگظ„ظژظ‰ ط±ظڈظƒظ’ظ†ظچ ط´ظژط¯ظگظٹط¯ظچطŒ ظˆظژظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظ„ظژط¨ظگط«ظ’طھظڈ ظپظگظٹ ط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظگط¬ظ’ظ†ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ظ„ظژط¨ظگط«ظژ ظٹظڈظˆط³ظڈظپظڈ ظ„ظژط£ظژط¬ظژط¨ظ’طھظڈ ط§ظ„ط¯ظ‘ظژط§ط¹ظگظٹآ»

(And may Allah send His mercy on Lut! He wished to have powerful support! If I were to stay in prison for such a long time as Yusuf did, I would have accepted the offer.) In another narration collected by Ahmad from Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet said about Yusuf's statement,

﴿ظپظژط§ط³ظ’ط£ظژظ„ظ’ظ‡ظڈ ظ…ظژط§ ط¨ظژط§ظ„ظڈ ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظگط³ظ’ظˆظژط©ظگ ط§ظ„ظ‘ظژظ€طھظگظ‰ ظ‚ظژط·ظ‘ظژط¹ظ’ظ†ظژ ط£ظژظٹظ’ط¯ظگظٹظژظ‡ظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ط¨ظگظƒظژظٹظ’ط¯ظگظ‡ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¹ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظŒ﴾

("...and ask him, `What happened to the women who cut their hands Surely, my Lord (Allah) is Well-Aware of their plot.''')

آ«ظ„ظژظˆظ’ ظƒظڈظ†ظ’طھظڈ ط£ظژظ†ظژط§طŒ ظ„ظژط£ظژط³ظ’ط±ظژط¹ظ’طھظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¥ظگط¬ظژط§ط¨ظژط©ظژ ظˆظژظ…ظژط§ ط§ط¨ظ’طھظژط؛ظژظٹظ’طھظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظڈط°ظ’ط±آ»

(If it was me, I would have accepted the offer rather than await my exoneration first.) Allah said (that the king asked),

﴿ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ط®ظژط·ظ’ط¨ظڈظƒظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ط¥ظگط°ظ’ ط±ظژط§ظˆظژط¯طھظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ظٹظڈظˆط³ظڈظپظژ ط¹ظژظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‡ظگ﴾

(He said, "What was your affair when you did seek to seduce Yusuf'') The king gathered those women who cut their hands, while being hosted at the house of the wife of the `Aziz. He asked them all, even though he was directing his speech at the wife of his minister, the `Aziz in particular. He asked the women who cut their hands,

﴿ظ…ظژط§ ط®ظژط·ظ’ط¨ظڈظƒظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ﴾

(What was your affair...), what was your story with regards to,

﴿ط¥ظگط°ظ’ ط±ظژط§ظˆظژط¯طھظڈظ†ظ‘ظژ ظٹظڈظˆط³ظڈظپظژ ط¹ظژظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‡ظگ﴾

(when you did seek to seduce Yusuf) on the day of the banquet

﴿ظ‚ظڈظ„ظ’ظ†ظژ ط­ظژط§ط´ظژ ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظگ ظ…ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظگظ…ظ’ظ†ظژط§ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظٹظ’ظ‡ظگ ظ…ظگظ† ط³ظڈظˆط،ظچ﴾

(The women said: "Allah forbid! No evil know we against him!'') The women answered the king, `Allah forbid that Yusuf be guilty of this, for by Allah, we never knew him to do evil.' This is when,

﴿ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژطھظگ ط§ظ…ظ’ط±ظژط£ظژطھظڈ ط§ظ„ظ’ط¹ظژط²ظگظٹط²ظگ ط§ظ„ظژظ†ظژ ط­ظژطµظ’ط­ظژطµظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط­ظژظ‚ظ‘ظڈ﴾

(The wife of the `Aziz said: "Now the truth has Hashasa...'') or the truth is manifest to all, according to Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid and others. Hashasa also means, `became clear and plain',

﴿ط£ظژظ†ظژط§ظ’ ط±ظژظˆظژط¯ظ’طھظ‘ظڈظ‡ظڈ ط¹ظژظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‡ظگ ظˆظژط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظژظ…ظگظ†ظژ ط§ظ„طµظ‘ظژظ€ط¯ظگظ‚ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾

(it was I who sought to seduce him, and he is surely of the truthful.) when he said,

﴿ظ‡ظگظ‰ظژ ط±ظژط§ظˆظژط¯ظژطھظ’ظ†ظگظ‰ ط¹ظژظ† ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‰﴾

(It was she that sought to seduce me.)

﴿ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط®ظڈظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظگ﴾

(in order that he may know that I betrayed him not in (his) absence. ) She said, `I admit this against myself so that my husband knows that I did not betray him in his absence and that adultery did not occur. I tried to seduce this young man and he refused, and I am admitting this so that he knows I am innocent,'

﴿ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژظ‡ظ’ط¯ظگظ‰ ظƒظژظٹظ’ط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظژظ€ط¦ظگظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژظˆظژظ…ظژط¢ ط£ظڈط¨ظژط±ظ‘ظگظ‰ط،ظڈ ظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‰﴾

(And, verily, Allah guides not the plot of the betrayers. And I free not myself (from the blame).) She said, `I do not exonerate myself from blame, because the soul wishes and lusts, and this is what made me seduce him,' for,

﴿ط§ظ„ظ†ظ‘ظژظپظ’ط³ظژ ظ„ط£ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ط±ظژط©ظŒ ط¨ظگط§ظ„ط³ظ‘ظڈظˆط،ظگ ط¥ظگظ„ط§ظ‘ظژ ظ…ظژط§ ط±ظژط­ظگظ…ظژ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰﴾

(Verily, the (human) self is inclined to evil, except when my Lord bestows His mercy (upon whom He wills).) whom Allah the Exalted wills to grant them immunity,

﴿ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژ ط±ظژط¨ظ‘ظگظ‰ ط؛ظژظپظڈظˆط±ظŒ ط±ظ‘ظژط­ظگظٹظ…ظŒ﴾

(Verily, my Lord is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.) This is the most viable and suitable understanding for the continuity of the story and the meanings of Arabic speech. Al-Mawardi mentioned this in his Tafsir, in support of it, it was also preferred by Imam Abu Al-`Abbas Ibn Taymiyyah who wrote about it in detail in a separate work. It was said Yusuf peace be upon him is the one who said,

﴿ط°ظژظ„ظگظƒظژ ظ„ظگظٹظژط¹ظ’ظ„ظژظ…ظژ ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط®ظڈظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈ﴾

(in order that he (the `Aziz) may know that I betrayed him not) with his wife,

﴿ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظگ﴾

(in (his) absence).) until the end of Ayah (53) He said, `I sent back the emissary, so that the king would investigate my innocence and the `Aziz be certain that,

﴿ط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظگظ‰ ظ„ظژظ…ظ’ ط£ظژط®ظڈظ†ظ’ظ‡ظڈ﴾

(I betrayed him not), with his wife,

﴿ط¨ظگط§ظ„ظ’ط؛ظژظٹظ’ط¨ظگ ظˆظژط£ظژظ†ظ‘ظژ ط§ظ„ظ„ظ‘ظژظ‡ظژ ظ„ط§ظژ ظٹظژظ‡ظ’ط¯ظگظ‰ ظƒظژظٹظ’ط¯ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ط®ظژظ€ط¦ظگظ†ظگظٹظ†ظژ﴾

(in (his) absence. And, verily, Allah guides not the plot of the betrayers.)' This is the only explanation presented by Ibn Jarir At-Tabari and Ibn Abi Hatim, but the first view is stronger and more obvious because it is a continuation of what the wife of the `Aziz said in the presence of the king. Yusuf was not present at all during this time, for he was released later on and brought to the king by his order.

﴿ظˆظژظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظ…ظژظ„ظگظƒظڈ ط§ط¦ظ’طھظڈظˆظ†ظگظ‰ ط¨ظگظ‡ظگ ط£ظژط³ظ’طھظژط®ظ’ظ„ظگطµظ’ظ‡ظڈ ظ„ظگظ†ظژظپظ’ط³ظگظ‰ ظپظژظ„ظژظ…ظ‘ظژط§ ظƒظژظ„ظ‘ظژظ…ظژظ‡ظڈ ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظژظƒظژ ط§ظ„ظ’ظٹظژظˆظ’ظ…ظژ ظ„ظژط¯ظژظٹظ’ظ†ظژط§ ظ…ظگظƒظگظٹظ†ظŒ ط£ظژظ…ظگظٹظ†ظŒ - ظ‚ظژط§ظ„ظژ ط§ط¬ظ’ط¹ظژظ„ظ’ظ†ظگظ‰ ط¹ظژظ„ظژظ‰ ط®ظژط²ظژط¢ط¦ظگظ†ظگ ط§ظ„ط§ظ‘ظŒط±ظ’ط¶ظگ ط¥ظگظ†ظ‘ظگظ‰ ط­ظژظپظگظٹط¸ظŒ ط¹ظژظ„ظگظٹظ…ظŒ ﴾

(54. And the king said: "Bring him to me that I may attach him to my person.'' Then, when he spoke to him, he said: "Verily, this day, you are with us high in rank and fully trusted.'') (55. ﴿Yusuf﴾ said: "Set me over the storehouses of the land; I will indeed guard them with full knowledge.'')